122 PARASITES OF THE DOMESTIC ANIMALS 



however, much used and is said to give excellent results. Cure will 

 not be complete until all of the mites have been destroyed. Animals 

 should therefore be kept under careful observation for some time after 

 treatment for the detection of suspicious sjanptoms, such as itching. 

 Such cases may be checked at their inception by less drastic measures 

 than at first employed. Often a few applications of mercurial ointment, 

 or equal parts of oil and oil of tar containing ten per cent, of carbolic 

 acid, rubbed over the limited area, will be sufficient. 



To prevent the reappearance of the disease it is obviously essential 

 that harness, clothing, groommg utensils, and all other articles which 

 may act as vehicles for reinfection, be disinfected. This is best done 

 with boiling water. Articles which might be injured by this treatment 

 may be washed with a strong solution (ten per cent.) of lysol or creolin. 



Treatment for mange given at the close of the winter months should 

 be repeated in the fall, even though the disease has been apparently 

 cured. This is a precautionary measure to destroy the few mites which 

 may have survived upon the animal during the summer, and which 

 may again produce the disease under the more favorable conditions for 

 their reproduction which prevail during the fall and winter months. 



Treatment of Sarcoptic Mange of the Hog. — Where but few animals 

 are to be treated they should first be thoroughly cleaned by scrubbing 

 with soap and warm water and the skin rinsed and dried. 



The following ointments have been recommended for application 

 to the skin after it has been thus prepared: (1) Sublimed sulphur two 

 parts, potassium carbonate one part, lard eight parts (Helmerich's 

 pomade); (2) creosote one part, lard twenty-five parts; (3) sulphur ten 

 parts, lard thirty parts. These applications are to be repeated three 

 times at intervals of about five days. 



Such methods, however, are out of the question where a large number 

 of animals is involved. In such cases dipping in a liquid preparation 

 is the only practical form of treatment. For this purpose the following 

 lime and sulphur formula is recommended by the United States Bureau 

 of Animal Industry: 



Flowers of sulphur 24 lbs. 



Unslaked hme 10 lbs. 



Water 100 gals. 



Prepare as under lime and sulphur formulae for scab in sheep (page 

 125). 



The hogs should be kept away from wallows for several days before 

 and after dipping. Each animal should be kept in the dip long enough 

 for the liquid to be well rubbed into the skin with a stiff brush, care being 

 taken that all parts of the body, including the head and ears, are reached 

 by the remedy. Animals should not be dipped in cold weather. 



