62 l^f/crifiary Obstetrics 



commends ( Der Uufruchtharkeit des Rindes, Page 66) service 

 stocks consisting of five posts upon which are fixed two beams 

 which meet in front to constitute an acute triangle, open at the 

 base, into which the cow is led and from which she can not 

 readily escape or make any extensive movements. 



In the handling of such injuries to the penis, little can be done 

 beyond the allaying of infection by means of anteseptic douches 

 and the avoidance of sexual excitement, combined with such lo- 

 cal and general treatment as would tend to control infianmiation. 



In the dog, in which, during copulation, the prominent glans 

 penis becomes tightly fixed in the vulva of the bitch, the male 

 may dismount and turn in the opposite direction thus bending 

 the penis abruptly. If disturbed by other dogs or in any other 

 manner, violent dragging upon the penis follows, which leads to 

 injuries of a more or less serious character, chiefly to swelling 

 and inflamation of the parts, occasionally accompanied by para- 

 phymosis. These injuries are not usually observed under proper 

 breeding arrangements but are generally seen where bitches are 

 permitted to run at large and a large number of dogs to congre- 

 gate, with the resultant fighting. 



The handling of such injuries to dogs consists of essentially the 

 same methods as in the bull, chiefly of disinfection. If para- 

 phymosis results, it .should be overcome. A solution of eucaine, 

 with perhaps .some adrenalin, may be applied to the swollen glans 

 penis, after which, by the application of digital compression or by 

 means of an elastic bandage, the size of the congested organ may 

 be so reduced that it can be pressed back into the prepuce. If 

 not, the margin of the prepuce is to be enlarged by incision suffi- 

 ciently to permit the penis to return. 



Copulation is one of the most common causes of strangulated 

 inguinal hernia in the stallion and the accident is occasionally 

 induced in this way in other male animals. When the stallion 

 mounts the mare, his position subjects the inguinal region to 

 increa.sed pressure from the weight of the abdominal viscera, the 

 po.sition of the abdomen having been changed from horizontal, or 

 a declination downwards and forwards from the inguinal ring 

 towards the diaphragm, to almost the perpendicular, with the 

 entire weight of the abdominal viscera pressing downwards upon 

 the pelvic inlet and inguinal opening. The pressure is further 

 augmented by the abdomen of the stallion becoming forcibly com- 



