Tumors. Paralysis of the Penis 145 



ready noted on page 127 as occurring frequently in hermaphro- 

 ditic animals, especially in the horse, is not rare in foals which 

 are otherwise apparently normal, and similar defects may occur 

 in other animals. In these animals, copulation may be impossible, 

 either from the smallness of the organ or its misdirection. The 

 defect is usually not subject to correction, nor is it desirable to 

 correct it, lest the malformation prove transmissible. 



2. Tumors or Herniae situated about the opening of the 

 sheath may tend to push the penis aside as it is protruded and 

 thus to so misdirect the organ that copulation becomes uncertain 

 and difficult, if not impossible. 



3. Tumors of the Penis or Prepuce in male breeding ani- 

 mals are not rare, and constantly tend to interfere with, or pre- 

 vent, copulation. 



We have already, on page 104, alluded to the infectious gratutlo- 

 mata or lynipho- sarcoma upon the penis of the dog ; on page 112, 

 to bursattee of the genitals of the horse and, on page 113, \.o actino- 

 mycosis of the genitals of the bull. Various types of tumors, both 

 benign and malignant, involving the penis or prepuce, are not rare 

 in the stallion, bull and other males. They are quite largely of 

 papillomatous type and, as soon as they attain a moderate size, 

 prevent copulation. Their usual seat is upon the glans penis, 

 where they are easily diagnosed by examining the exposed organ. 



In all cases, their removal should occur early, ere they involve 

 the organ to such a degree that their ablation will result in its 

 serious mutilation. In the stallion, the glans penis may be am- 

 putated and the copulatory and procreative powers fully retained. 

 In the bull, with the long, tapering glans, amputation is not 

 practical, since copulation is thereby rendered difficult or impos- 

 sible. In breeding males, the early ablation of penial tumors 

 consequently becomes very urgent, if their breeding powers are 

 to be retained. 



4. Paralysis of the Penis occurs in all animals, but espec- 

 ially in the stallion. It is usually of central origin and frequently 

 occurs as a symptom of a constitutional affection, like the .so- 

 called cerebro-spinal meningitis, dourine, etc., and is a common 

 accompaniment of lumbar paralysis, or of injuries to, or diseases 

 of, the internal pudic or great sympathetic nerves. It is rarely 



