Repellers and Repulsion 



597 



the instrument has too great a diameter, it is exceedinglj^ diffi- 

 cult to introduce and may cause injury to the soft parts of the 

 mother while being applied. After it has been located at the 

 proper point and force applied to it, if the transverse diameter of 

 the crutch is very great, the ends may project beyond the parts 

 of the fetus to which it is applied, catch in the walls of the uterus 

 or vagina and more or less seriously injure them. We therefore 

 prefer a repeller with a very short crutch, or transverse piece, 

 which ma}' be readil}' introduced completely covered by the Land 

 and easily applied to the desired part of the fetus. 



^ 



r 



) 



Fig. 94. Repellers. 



a, Wither 's repeller. ( Sharp & Smith ) d, Cup-shaped repeller of Binz. 



b, Hinged repeller. (Hauptner). 



c, Reindr.s repeller wth attachments e, Giinther's repeller. (Hauptner). 



(2 and 3 pronged repellers, Ijlunt f. Kaiser's repeller with two detach- 

 and sharp hooks, and vaginal able repellers and one cord carry, 



dilator). (Hauptner). ing hook. 



In a large proportion of cases where repulsion is desired, the 

 fetus is dead. In such we use a repeller having a sharp spike in 

 its center, Figs. 94 a and 106 e, which sinks into the tissues of 

 the fetus and gives the instrument a secure hold. 



If the fetus is alive, the small spike, passing into the soft tis- 

 sues, produces an aseptic wound, which heals without inflam- 

 mation and without requiring material attention, so that it is not 



