DIVISION 19 
Suckers. 
Many plants are extended in size and reproduced by 
suckers—t.e., growths which spring up from under- 
ground portions of the roots and stems. These can 
often be dug up with roots adhering and be planted 
with safety. Filberts, Lilacs, Raspberries, and Briars 
for standard Roses are often thus procured. Owing to 
the liability of plants so obtained to throw up suckers to 
the disadvantage in vigour of other portions, this method 
can only be recommended in comparatively few instances 
where other methods are apt to fail. When such are 
utilised as stocks for grafting and budding, the constant 
tendency to produce suckers from the base below the 
graft is often the cause of much annoyance. 
Bulbs. 
All true bulbs belong to the Monocotyledonous plants, 
or Endogens, but in popular talk any fleshy vegetable 
masses growing in or at the surface of the soil are 
spoken of as bulbs. True bulbs, suchas Onion, Lily, and 
Hyacinth, have a flattened fleshy plate, or disk, at the 
base, from the lower side of which roots are protruded, 
and surmounted with scales, sometimes loose, at other 
times closely folded around, which, as a matter of fact, 
represent buds. With some these are formed naturally 
as offsets in such abundance that the species or varieties 
may be easily increased by dividing them, as is the case 
with the Common White Lily of our gardens. Others 
will go on flowering or increasing in size, but rarely 
produce offsets or bulbils. The propagator then takes 
measures to induce them to do so by different artificial 
means of diverting and arresting the course of the sap, 
