162 PLANT PROPAGATION 
PHILADELPHUS (Mock OranGeE).—The many _ hand- 
some species and varieties of these free-flowering shrubs 
may be propagated by rooted suckers taken off in 
autumn or early spring and by cuttings of young shoots 
inserted under glass in close warmth in April. 
PHLOx.—Dwarf kinds like P. subulata grow readily 
from cuttings in a cold frame in July if shaded from 
sunshine. Another way is to shake some fine soil 
among the growths in summer, to keep it moist to 
induce roots to form, and to divide the rooted portions 
in autumn. The tall perennial sorts can be divided in 
autumn Or spring. Some prefer to make cuttings of 
healthy shoots from the base, inserting them in sandy 
soil in a cold frame in spring. Root-cuttings (short 
lengths) are also used and treated like seed. P. Drum- 
mondi should be sown in a little heat in March, and the 
seedlings pricked out in boxes when big enough to 
handle for planting out in May. 
PHORMIUM (NEW ZEALAND FLAx).—These are usually 
propagated by division just before growth commences 
in spring and by seed sown in February in greenhouse 
or warm frame. 
PuysALis (WINTER CHERRY).—P. Francheti is the 
most vigorous grower; it has very large fruit, and is 
extensively grown for the inflated red calyces. Both it 
and P. Alkekengi are easily raised from seed sown in 
gentle heat in March for planting out in May. Root- 
cuttings and divisions also succeed very well.  P. 
peruviana edulis (Cape Gooseberry) may also be raised 
from seed sown in heat in February for pot culture in 
the greenhouse or on the back wall of the vinery, 
PicoTEE.—For propagation, see Carnation. 
PILEA.—P. microphylla (syn. P. muscosa) is pretty as 
