186 PLANT PROPAGATION 
to what is required), pegging them down. They soon 
become well rooted if the ground is kept moist. 
WALLFLOWERS.—Propagate the double sorts by cut- 
tings of small side-shoots in pots of sandy soil in a cold 
frame in August, afford slight protection in winter, and 
plant out in March. Sow seed of Blood-red and other 
varieties at end of May. When the seedlings are large 
enough, prick off or plant out in the flowering quarters 
in poor, dry soil to restrain over-luxuriance, as plants so 
treated withstand the rigours of winter better. 
Watnut (Juglans regia).—Seeds of the different 
species of this genus, as well as the Common Walnut, 
are best sown where the trees are to grow (owing to the 
taproots they form), either as soon as ripe or in spring 
after having been stratified in sand or soil. For per- 
petuating special varieties, seedling stocks are raised 
and ring or shield-budding, cleft or flute grafting, 
inarching and herbaceous grafting resorted to. 
WatsoniAs.—These desirable flowering plants are 
propagated by offsets from the corms and by seed. 
Wicanpia.—W. macrophylla, perhaps better known 
as W. caracasana, a noble sub-tropical bedding plant, 
is best treated as an annual by sowing seed in heat in 
March, growing the seedlings on under glass to plant 
out in June. 
Wistaria.—The usual method of propagation is by 
layers in summer, and these are sufficiently well rooted 
to remove to permanent quarters in a year. Root- 
cuttings and root-grafting are other methods, and seed, 
when obtainable, may be sown in spring. 
Yucca.—The hardy kinds are increased by offsets and 
suckers taken off in March and planted in a warm, 
sunny, sheltered situation outside. The variegated and 
