SYNONYMY OF E. ALPESTRIS AND VARS. 187 



for 1860, 365. Coues, Pr. Phila. Acad. 1861, 221. Cones Sf Prent. Smiths. Rep. for 

 1861, 1862, 411. Boardm. Pr. Bost. Soc. ix. 1862, 126. Verr. Pr. Ess. last. iii. 1862, 149. 

 ?Blak. Ibis, iv. 1862, 5; v. 1863, 68 Allen, Pr. Essex last. iv. 1864, 69. Dress. Ibis, 2d 

 ser. 1865, 486 (Texas). Lawr. Ann. Lye. N. Y. viii. 1866, 2H9. Mcllwr. Proc. Ess. Inst. 

 v. 1866, 88. Coues, Pr. Ess. Inst. v. 1868. 280. Brown, Ibis, 2d ser. 1868, 421 (Van- 

 couver). Coues, Pr. Bost. Soc. xii. 1868, 113. ?Coop. Am. Nat. iii. 1869,75,295,297; 

 1874, n.?Aiken, Pr. Bost. Soc. xv. 1872, 2Q2.?Trippe, Pr. Bost. Soc. xv. 1873, 236. 



Pliileremos cornutus, Bp. CGL. 1838, 37. 



Otocoris cornuta, Rp. CA, i. 1850, 246. 



OtOCOrjX COrDUta, Licht. " Nomeucl. 1854, 239". 



OtOCOrys COrnUta, Bp. "CR. xxxviii. 1854, 64". 



Alauda rufa, ?Maxim. J. f. O. vi. 1858, 349 (Missouri). 



Otocoris rufa, Hoy, Pr. Phila. Acad. vi. i853, 382 (Wisconsin). 



Lark, Catesby, Nat. Hist, Carolina, i. 1731, 32, pi. 32. 



Shore Lark, Forst. 1. c.Penn. AZ. ii. 1785, 392. no. 278. Lath. Syn. ii. pt. ii. 1783, 385, no. 19. 



Hausse-col noir ou Alouette de Virginia, Buf. " Hist. Nat. Ois. v. 55 ". 



Alouette de Virgiuie, Ortolan, LeM. Ois. Canad. ]86i, 225. 



Horned Lark, Shore Lark, Authors. 



b. leucolama 

 ? OtOCOris occidental!*, McCall, Pr. Phila. Acad. v. 1851, 218 (Santa F6, N. Mex.). #d. 



Stansbury's Rep. GSL. 1852, 318/331. 

 Otocorys aipestris, Ntwb. PRRR. vi. 1857, 88. 

 Eremophila aipestris, Allen, Bull. MCZ. iii. 1872, 176. 

 Eremophila cornuta, Ed. PRRR. x. 1859, Beckwith's Route.. Birds, 13, pi. 3*2.Hayd. Tr. 



Amer. Philos. Soc. xii. 1872, 174. Stev. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr, for 1870, 1871, 464. 



Merr. U. S. Geol. Surv.*err. for 1872, 1873, 685. Hold. Pr. Bost. Soc. xv. 1872, 202. 

 Ereinophila aipestris b. leucohema, Cones, BNW. 1874, 38. Ooues, Am. Nat. viii. 1874, 



602. Allen, Pi-. Bost. Soc. xvii. 1874, 50. 



c. chrysolcema 



Alauda COrnuta. Sw. Philos. Mag. i. 1827, 434 (Mexico). 

 Phileremos cornutus, Bp. PZS. 1837, Hi. (Mexico). 

 Eremophila COrnuta, Coues, Ibis, 2d ser. i. 1865, 164 (Arizona). Coues, Pr. Phila. Acad. 



xviii. 1866, 79 (the same). 



Alauda glacialiS, Licht. " Preis-Verz. Hex. Vog. 1830, 2" ; J. f. O. 1863, 56 (Mexico). 

 Alauda chrysolaema, Wagl. Isis, 1831, 350 (Mexico). 

 OtocoriR chrysolaema, Bp. CA. i. 1850, 246. 

 Otocorys chrysolaema, Cab. MH. i. 1851, 122. 

 Alauda chrysolaema, Scl. PZS. 1855, 66. 

 OtOCOrys ChrysolfCma, Bp. " CR. xxxviii. 1854, 65 ". Scl. PZS. 1856,306 (Mexico) ; 1859, 372 



(Oaxaca). 



Eremophila cbrysolsema, Scl. PZS. 1864, 174 (City of Mexico). 

 Eremopbila cornuta var. chrysolaema, Bd. BNA. 1858, 403. 

 Eremophila aipestris c. chrj sohema, Coues, BNW. 1874, 38, 231. 

 Alauda minor, Giraud, 1C Sp. Tex. B. 1841. 

 Eremophila minor, Scl. Cat. AB. 1862, 126. 



Alauda rufa, And. B. Amer. vii. 1843, 353, pi. 497. Bd. Stansb. Rep. GSL. 1852, 331. 

 OtOCOris rufa, Heerm. PRRR. x. 1859, Williamson's Route, Birds, 45. 



HAB. The typical form inhabits the greater part of the northern hemi- 

 sphere (Europe and Asia as well as most of North America). Var. leucolcema 

 breeds on the plains of the United States, north of about 40. Var. chrysolcema 

 breeds in the Western United States, south of about 40, and southward 

 through Mexico. 



CH. SP. a. ALPESTRIS. Notceo griseo plus minusve rufescenti- 

 vinaceo tincto. michd tectricibusque alarum et caudce vegetioribus, 

 dorso sordidiore, strigis fuscis notato; gastrceo albido, lateribus 

 dorso subsimilibus, peltd magnd pectorali nigra; strigd malari et 



