282 HISTORY OF DENDRCECA CORONATA 



Ficedula pensilvanica ncevia of Brisson, iii. p. 502, n. 56; the "Figuier a t6te 

 cendre*e " of Buffon ; the Dendrceca maculosa, or Black-and-yellow Warbler, 

 of modern authors. 



A bird which is found in Linnaeus is generally reproduced in Gmelin under 

 the same name; but Motacilla canadensis, Linn. sp. 27, above fully explained, 

 disappears with that single author to be more precise, it reappears, but 

 under a different title. For we find it again in the Motacilla dncta of Gmelin. 

 Gmelin does not, indeed, quote M. canadensis; but he numbers his dncta 

 "27", and bases it primarily on Brisson's pi. 27, f. 1. Now, Brisson, in de- 

 scribing the yellow spots which exist, one on each side of the breast of D. 

 coronata, spoke of them as if they formed a band or belt across the breast, 

 "entre le ventre & la poitrine est une bande transversale jaune", says he ; 

 and out of this expression comes the "Figuier a ceinture" of the Count de 

 Buffon, and the Belted Warbler of Latham and Pennant, M. dncta Gm. This 

 fourth set of names are to be bundled together with the Motacilla canadtnsis 

 Linn., sp. 27, and hung upon the peg of Brisson (iii. 524, pi. 27, f. 1). 



Besides operating upon the three Linnaean names, coronata, virginianm, and 

 canadensis (=cincta), we have discussed, Gmeliu stumbled twice more upon 

 the Yellow-rump, giving us our fifth and sixth Latin binomials, umoria and 

 pinguis. In the Planches Enlumine'es, there is figured, at pi. 709, f. 1, a bird 

 called on the plate "Fauvette tachete'e de la Louisiane", and in Buffon's 

 text "Fauvette ombre'e de la Louisiane", which is recognized as a Yellow- 

 rump at first glance; the same was called the " Dusky Warbler " by Pennant, 

 and the "Umbrose Warbler" by Latham. This became Gmelin's Motadlla 

 umbria; and all these names go with PE. 709, f. 1. For the sixth time (and, 

 so far as I know, the last for the eighteenth century), the unhappy Yellow- 

 rump comes upon the stage as Motacilla pinguis the " Fat Warbler". This 

 name is based npon the " Figuier grasset " of Buffon, rendered by Pennant 

 and Latham as the " Gf asset Warbler". There is no plate that I know of to 

 refer to in this case, and the descriptions are not as satisfactory as could be 

 wished ; but there is no reasonable doubt of the specits. For though La- 

 tham, for instance, describes the "throat and fore part of the neck pale 

 rufous", yet the rest of his account is sufficiently pertinent, and the mention 

 of "a spot of yellow on the head" and the "yellow rump" fixes the bird 

 he had in view as the Yellow-rump in some obscure imperfect plumage in 

 which the yellow on the sides of the breast was not present or not noticed. 

 It is said to be from " Louisiana ", a term which at that date, it will be re- 

 membered, covered most of the United States west of the Mississippi. 



There is yet another representation of the Yellow-rump, as I take it, 

 though not usually quoted in this connection. I refer to PI. Enlnm. 731, f. 2, 

 called " Figuier du Mississipi " on the plate. This has been generally quoted, 

 following Linnaeus, Gmelin, and Latham, as pertaining to the Chestnut-sided 

 Warbler (Quebec Warbler of Pennant and Latham), M. icterocephala, but the 

 plate certainly resembles D. coronata more nearly, whatever may be said of 

 the descriptions that go with it. 



I trust that I have made it clear how the various specific names above 

 cited coronata, canadensis, virginianm, dncta, umbria, pinguis, and flavopygia 

 or " xanthopygia" , with xanthorhoa or " xanthoroa " came to be applied to one 

 and the same species ; how canadensis No. 42 differs from canadensis No. 27 of 

 Linnaeus ; and how the Yellow-rumped Flycatcher or Warbler of Edwards, 



