332 HABITS OF THE RED-FACED WARBLER 



Whole head, throat, sides of the neck, and fore breast bright red, with a 

 broad black cap extending down on the sides of the head, involving the eyes 

 and ears, ending in a point below the auriculars. The border of this cap is 

 squarely transverse against the red of the forehead from eye to eye ; behind 

 it, the red reaches up the sides of neck, but not across the back of the neck, 

 the white nuchal area there meeting the ashy of the back. Bill and feet 

 dark. In the highest summer plumage, the red is rich and carmine in hue, 

 the cap glossy-black ; the under parts are much tinged with rosy ; the rump 

 is snowy-white. Less richly feathered specimens have the head plain red, 

 the cap sooty-black. There is much difference in the character of the white 

 on the nape. Length, 5 ; wing, 2 ; tail, 2$ ; tarsus, ; bill, i, quite differ- 

 ent in shape from that of Setophaga, being of a Parine contour, stout at 

 base, with high arched ridge. 



Young, newly fledged : A.sh of the upper parts much shaded with brown, 

 and white of the under parts the same. Rump snowy-white, as in the adult, 

 but the nuchal patch obscure or inappreciable. Wings and tail as in the 

 adult, but with browner edgings. Black cap restricted to top of head, and 

 of a dull sooty cast. Red parts of the adult, including those parts of the 

 side of the head which are occupied in the adult with the extension of the 

 black cap, dull grayish-brown, tinged or irregularly slashed with red, espe- 

 cially on the forehead and throat. Bill light brown ; feet pale. 



THIS is another one of Mr. J. P. Giraud's " Sixteen Species" 

 alleged to have been procured in Texas. Since the time 

 of its original description, in 1841, it has become well known as 

 a bird of Mexico and of parts of Central America ; but its 

 occurrence in the United States has only very recently been 

 confirmed, when the bird was rediscovered by Mr. Henshaw, 

 not in Texas indeed, but in Southern Arizona. This assiduous 

 ornithologist secured, in 1874, a fine large suite of specimens 

 illustrating the adult plumages of both sexes, and also that of 

 the young ; while his field-notes furnish most of the information 

 we possess respecting the habits of the bird. 



As he remarks, its occurrence in Arizona is not surprising, 

 as the species is a common inhabitant of the mountains of 

 Mexico, doubtless following the trend of the ranges northward 

 into our territory. He found his birds at two points in Arizona, 

 about a hundred miles apart, near Camp Apache and on 

 Mount Graham ; and he anticipates their occurrence through- 

 out the higher districts of Southern Arizona as far north as 

 the White Mountains at least. His Camp Apache specimens 

 include some in the nestling plumage, indicating that they 

 were reared in the vicinity. The extracts from his note-books 

 that he prints in his final (quarto) report are as follows: 



" July 1.* 1874. While collecting in the early evening in the 

 * Misprint for July 12, as the author informs me verbally. 



