356 CHARACTERS OF PYRANGA HEPATICA 



? Griseo olivacea, alls cauddque fuscis, pileo, uropygio, margini- 

 busque alarum et caudce flamcantibus ; infra flavicam, lateraliter 

 obscurior. 



$, adult: Upper parts brownish-ashy, intimately mixed with dull red; 

 top of the head, upper tail-coverts, and edgings of the wings and tail 



brighter brownish-red. Inner webs 

 and endb of the wing-quills dusky; 

 tail-feathers throughout decidedly 

 tinged with red. Sides of the head 

 like the back; edges of eyelids red. 

 Below bright red, the sides and flanks 

 shaded with the color of the back, 

 many feathers often also with ashy 

 FIG. 45.-Hepatic Tanager, nat size. skirting . Bill and feet blackish-plum- 

 beous, the cutting edge of the upper mandible furnished with a tooth more 

 prominent than in most species. Length about 8 inches ; wing, 4 ; tail, 3 ; 

 bill, ; tarsus, f . 



$ , adult : Bill and feet as in the $ . Upper parts greenish-olive, with an 

 ashy-gray tinge, the crown and rump clearer and more yellowish-olive. Sides 

 of the head like the back. Beneath yellow, clear and nearly pure medially, 

 shaded on the sides with the color of the back, sometimes brightening almost 

 into orange on the throat. Quills and tail fuscous, with olivaceous-yellow 

 edgings, the former darker than the latter. 



Y,pnng $ : Like the $ ; in males changing, the characters of the two sexes 

 are confused. 



Very young : There is an earlier streaky stage, before the assumption of a 

 plumage like that of the female. The upper parts are grayish-brown with 

 an olive tinge, the lower parts grayish- white with a yellowish shade, both 

 everywhere streaked with dusky. Wings and tail like those of the adult $ , 

 but the former with ochraceous bands across the ends of the greater and 

 middle coverts. 



DURING Capt. L. Sitgreaves's expedition down the Zuni and 

 Colorado Elvers an excursion well known to ornitholo- 

 gists through the important article on birds which forms part 

 of the published report Dr. S. W. Woodhouse observed this 

 beautiful Tanager in the San Francisco Mountains, and secured 

 a full-plumaged male, adding to the then recognized fauna of 

 the United States a species long before described by Mr. Swain- 

 son as a bird of Mexico. In 1858, Baird recorded a second 

 specimen from Fort Thorn, New Mexico ; and, in 1866, 1 wrote 

 of the bird as a summer resident in the vicinity of Fort Whip- 

 pie, Arizona, where it arrives during the latter part of April. 

 In 1874, Dr. Brewer spoke of Woodhouse's original as the only 

 specimen known at that time to have been found within the 

 limits of the United States, adding, by a still more curious lapse, 



