484 THE FAMILY VIREONIDJE 



they may, I think, be properly dissociated, and form a family 

 by themselves. Some of the less typical extralimital forms 

 have occasionally been referred to the Tanagridce, with which 

 nine-prirnaried Oscines, however, no 

 relationship is obvious. The genus 

 Icteria is still associated by some lead- 

 ing ornithologists with the Vireouines, 

 but this form seems decidedly Tana- 

 groid or Sylvicoline. As here consti- 

 tuted, the Vireonidce are a family 

 FIG. 51.-A vireo(V.giivus). peculiar to America, comprising six 

 or seven genera and some seventy alleged species, an unusual 

 proportion of which appear to be well established. Vireo, in its 

 broad sense, is the typical and principal genus, the only one 

 found in North America, and characteristic of that country, 

 though many other species occur in Middle and South America. 

 The leading extralimital genera are Hylophilus, Cyclarhis, and 

 VireolaniuSj each of a number of species of Mexico and Central 

 and South America. Neochloe brevipennis is a special Mex- 

 ican form. Laletes osburni is peculiar to Jamaica, being the 

 only exclusively West Indian genus, though several species of 

 Vireo are confined to the Antilles. To complete the list, I 

 should mention the lately described Phcenicomanes iora, of the 

 West Indies,* considered by Sharpe and Sclater as related to 

 PhcenicopMlus. The notable genus Dulnsi is by some placed 

 in Vireonidce, by others referred to Ampelidce. 



I continue as heretofore to refer all the North American 

 species to the single genus Vireo, for reasons given under the 

 following head. 



Genus VIREO Vieillot 



Muscicapa, p., of earlier authors. 



Vireo, Vieiil. Oia. Am. Sept. i. 1807, 83. (Type Muscicapa noveboracensis Gm.) Ed. Rev. 



AB. 1866, 350 (monographic). 

 Vireosylva, Bp. Comp. & Geog. List, 1838, 26 (evidently intended for Vireosylvia). (Type 



Muscicapa olivacea ~L.)Bd. Rev. AB. 1866, 326 (monographic). 



* 1874. SHARPE, R. B. On a new Genus and Species of Bird from the West 

 Indies. < P. Z. 8. xlii. 1874, pp. 427, 428, woodcc. pi. liv. 



Phcenicomanes iora. Considered related to Phcenicophilus, and referred with 

 the latter to Vireonidce rather than Tanagridce. 



1 1851. LAFRESNAYE, F. DE. Sur Poiseau nomme* par Brisson Tangara de 

 Saint-Domingue, Tanagra Dominicensis, Tanagra Dominica, par 

 Linne", figure" par Buffon, pi, enl. 156, f. 2, et dout Vieillot a fait son 

 genre Esclave (Dulus), sous le nom de DuluS palmarum. < Eev. et 

 Mag. de Zool iii. 1851, pp. 583-590. 



