74 KEY TO THE BIRDS OF EASTERN NORTH AMERICA. 



* Group 4. Wing, 8.50 to 10 inches long. 



Section 1. Hind toes, with well defined membraneous lobe 

 or flap ; belly, white, sometimes tinged on lower part 

 with dusky or gray; head, marked with more or less 

 white, or brownish white. 



Head, brownish ; a patch of dull white on face at base of 

 bill; speculum, white (female \ 



Aythya marila. Greater Scaup Duck. 

 Blue hill. Black head. 

 See No. 105. 



Aythya mania. 



Head and neck, dark glossy green ; a nearly round patch of white on cheek at base 

 of bill; back, black; speculum, white (male). 



Glaucionetta cJancjula americana. American Golden Eye. Whistler. 



See No. 108. 



Head, bluish black, or purplish blue; an irregular white patch on cheek at base of 

 bill (male). Glaucionetta islandica. Barrow's Golden Eye. 



See No. 109. 



Top of head, brown ; sides of head, brownish white ; speculum, gray ; bill, more 

 than one and a quarter inches long (female). Aythya americana. Red=headed Duck. 



See No. 103. 



Bill, not over 1.25 long; a patch of white, or grayish white, on the head, including 

 the eye ; no speculum; under tail covert, white; adult males have the tail feathers long and 

 pointed. Clanyula hyemalis. Old Squaw. Long= tailed Duck. 



See No. 111. 



Section 2. Hind toe, with well defined membraneous lobe 

 or flap ; belly, white, sometimes tinged on lower part 

 with dusky or gray; no white, or grayish white, on 

 head. 



/ Ji 



Head, black, glossed with green ; back, grayish white, finely 

 lined with black; speculum, white (male). 



Aythya marila. Greater Scaup Duck. 

 Blue-bill. Black=head. 



See No. 105. 



Aythya marila ncarctica. 



* For directions for measurement, see page 9. 



