Types and Market Classes of Live Stock 169 



gives symmetry to the form, and provides room for a long udder- 

 attachment below. A narrow, peaked rump is liable to cause trouble 

 at calving time, and, as pointed out, it brings the hind legs too close 

 together. At the end of the rump on either side of the tail are the 

 pin-bones. They should be wide apart, for reasons similar to those just 

 mentioned. From the point of the hip to the end of the rump there 

 should be a well-marked hollow, insuring against beefiness of rump. 

 The tail performs a part in milk production by protecting from 

 the annoyance of flies. The fleshy part of the tail should extend to 

 the point of the hock and the brush should be heavy and long. The 



Fig. 58. — Type and production. Jersey cow, Fauvic Star, owned by A. V. 

 Barnes, New Canaan, Conn. Note the beautiful head, excellent lines, capacious 

 middle, large udder, feminine character, and marked degree of quality. She holds 

 the highest Jersey record in milk production, with 20,616 pounds of milk and 

 1,005.90 pounds of butter-fat in an official yearly test. 



root of the tail should be carried on a line with the rump, showing no 

 undue prominence or roughness. 



The thighs should be muscular, but not fleshy. From a rear view 

 they should be fine and there should be no fleshing between the legs to 

 take up the space that should be filled by the udder. It is desirable 

 that the thighs be long, and that the conformation inside the thigh be 

 incurving. Much variation in rumps and thighs will be found in dairy 

 animals, ranging from decided beefiness to the trim, clean-cut conforma- 

 tion shown by the best dairy cows. 



