210 



Types and Market Classes of Live Stock 



Mixed. — Farms on which the best cows are milked, their calves 

 being weaned at birth and fed skim milk. Calves from the other cows 

 are allowed to run with their dams as in the beef group. 



Partially milked.— Farms on which the calves are not wea^.ed, but 

 on which a part of the milk is drawn from the cow, the calf taking the 

 remainder. 



Double nursing. — Farms where some of the cows are milked and 

 their calves given to other cows, the latter raising two calves each. 



The cost of calves at weaning time, the cost of raising yearlings, 

 and the profit or loss on the yearlings was determined for each of the 

 six groups. The accompanying table, showing the various factors that 

 make up the cost of producing a yearling and summarizing the results 

 of the investigation, indicates the economy of dual-purpose herds as 

 beef producers. However, as this table is studied, it is well for the 

 reader to keep in mind the fact that no profits were allowed for the 

 dairying practiced by the owners of the dual-purpose, mixed, partially- 



Calves from dual-purpose and beef herds compared in eosls and profits 



» Includes labor, equipment, interest, risk, taxes, insurance, and veterinary expense. 

 " Not given, but intermediate between beef and dual-purpose groups. 

 » Not given, but nearly as much as in the beef group. 



Figures in bold type call attention to the fact that the baby beeves were carried along to an age 

 sufficient to finish tbem for market; these figures cover a longer period than in the case of the other calves. 



