Types and Market Classes of Live Stock 511 



at a hard pull. Furthermore, the mule's habit of pushing directly for- 

 ward against the collar, instead of crouching and lifting like a draft 

 horse at a hard pull, also results in slipping on pavements. Mules do 

 not work well in soft ground. The small foot of the mule does not 

 bear him up, and he is usually much more timid under these conditions 

 than is the horse. Mules will avoid a muddy spot or puddle of water 

 if they can. The wilfulness and trickiness of many mules and their 

 lack of spirit makes it less of a pleasure to drive the average mule than 

 the average horse. The mule has a harder mouth. Too often it takes 

 a gag bit to hold him and a black-snake whip to make him go. Mules 



Fig. 2')1. — Prize-winning mules. Champion pair of mules at the Iowa State 

 Fair, owned by F. L. Hutson and Son, State Center, Iowa. These mules were six 

 years old and weighed 1,600 and 1,620 pounds. The off mule (on the left of the 

 picture) was the champion single mule of the show. 



are not adapted to use in the artillery, as they are gun-shy, usually 

 lack speed, and do not respond to commands quick enough. They are 

 not so dependable as horses in an emergency. 



George E. Wentworth, superintendent of the Chicago Union 

 Stock Yards Horse Market, in an interesting article ^ entitled "Why 

 Use Adulterated Horses?" discusses the place of the mule in warfare 

 as follows: "They say the mule can stand more heat, but cavalry 



'The Horseman and Spirit of the Times, Aug. 4, 1914. 



