166 A CONTRIBUTION TO, ETC. 



(2) Cornicularia derives its name from corniculum, " a little 

 horn," in allusion to the little horn-like divisions into which the 

 thallus is divided. The species Q.flamcans is common not merely 

 on bush trees, but also on many kinds of garden fruit trees, and 

 it may readily be distinguished by its golden yellow or orange 

 colour. Some of the brightest specimens which I have noticed 

 in this neighbourhood were growing on Acacia or Bursaria ; but 

 I think, as a general rule, this Lichen seldom appears on young 

 and healthy trees, and some horticulturists, being of opinion that 

 it is injurious, remove it as soon as possible. Lichens or as they 

 are generally termed by gardeners^ ." Mosses," are not popular 

 amongst horticulturists, and in a late work the following passage 

 occurs : " The most effectual, most salutary, and least disagree- 

 able remedy for moss on trees is of trivial expense, and which a 

 gardener need but try upon one individual to insure its adoption. 

 It is with a hard scrubbing-brush, dipped in a strong brine of 

 common salt as often as necessary, to insure each portion of the 

 bark being moistened with it, to scrub the trunks and branches 

 of his trees at least every second year. It most effectually des- 

 troys insects of all kinds and moss, and the stimulating influence 

 of the application, and the friction, are productive of most bene- 

 ficial effects." Of mosses, truly so called, there are two (Gym- 

 nostomum and Zygodon], which may frequently be seen on the 

 mulberry and English oak when growing in damp and shady 

 places, and although they are very beautiful objects for micro- 

 scopic investigation, I suppose they will be included also amongst 

 the " nuisances" referred to in the preceding paragraph. 



(3) Eamalina is so called from ramale, " a dead twig," because 

 that is a very common habitat of its species. R.fraxinea, which 

 is so generally found in this part of the world, derives its name 

 from fraxinus, the ash tree, but it occurs not merely on that tree, 

 but also on many other trees, so that, as far as this colony is 

 concerned, the specific name is by no means appropriate. Some 

 of the best specimens which I have seen, were found adhering to 

 the bark of Acacia cinerascens on the banks of the Nepean, not 

 far from the residence of my gallant friend, H. T. Shadforth, Esq., 

 but it may be seen on many of our forest trees, and also on old 

 fences. Some botanists regard the different varieties of this 

 lichen as distinct species, but one of the latest writers has ar. v 



