[ is J 



writings, 888; acquaintance with the 

 glessmn of the shores of the Baltic, 

 494; discrimination of humam races, 

 558. 



Tasso, his ' Jerusalem Liberated,' 424 ; 

 stanza on the discevery of America, 

 613. 



Tenerifte, volcano of, 498. 

 Telescope, results of its invention, 681 

 6>S3, 739, 740; date of its accidental 

 discovery discussed, 699 701. 

 Theocritus", his idyls, 378. 

 Theophrastes, 550, 563. 

 Thermometers, invention of, 721 723. 

 Thomson, his ' Seasons,' 430. 

 Tibullus, his ' Lustration of the Fields,' 



386, 387. 



Tieck, Ludwig, quotation from, on 

 Calderon, 429 ; on Shakspeare, 430. 

 Timochares, early Alexandrian astro- 

 nomer, 544, 545. 



Tin, early commerce for, 492, 493. 

 Titian, landscapes in his pictures, 446. 

 Toledo, astronomical congress of, 595. 

 rorricelli. his invention of the baro 



meter, 722. 



Toscauelli, letters of, 621, 626; sea- 

 chart, 637, 638; scientific acquire- 

 ments, 644. 



Travels and travellers of the middle 

 ages, 43 1, 435, 624628, 634, 635 ; 

 character of their narratives com- 

 pared with those of modern times, 

 435, 436. 



Tropics, luxuriant beauty of the land- 

 scapes, 455 ; cultivation of exotic 

 plants, 458 465 ; paintings of tropi- 

 cal scenery, 449 451 ; why more 

 accurate and beautiful paintings 

 may be anticipated, 458 ; associations 

 connected with descriptions of tropi- 

 cal scenery, 458. 



Troy, data of its destruction, 476. 

 Tscheu-kung, early measurement of the 



length of the solstitial shadow, 475. 

 Tsing-wang (Chinese Emperor), use of 

 the compass and ' magnetic cars,' 

 559, 628. 



Tuscaroras, on the language and des- 

 cent of, 609. 



Tycho Brabe, 469, 694, 697 ; his as 

 tronomical discovery of the ' varia- 

 tion,' 694, 

 Tyre, Tynans. See Phoenicians. 



Ukert, on the amber trade of the RvV 

 cients, 493. 



Ulugh Beig, observatory and gymna- 

 sium founded by, 695. 



Vedas, Indian hymns, in praise of na 



ture, 404. 

 Vegetation of the cold and tropical 



zones, 455, 456. 

 Venus, discovery of its crescent shape, 



708, 709. 



Vespucci, Amerigo, 612, 660, 664, 667> 

 671, 672; peculiar charm lent to 

 his delineations of nature, 420 ; ex- 

 amination of the accidental causes 

 which led to the naming of the New 

 World, 676681. 

 Vidal, Capt., height of the Peak of 



Teneriffe, 498. 

 Vincentius of Beauvais, 602, 615 ; h>3 



' Mirror of Nature,' 620, 629. 

 Vinei, Leonardo da, landscape in his 

 picture of Mona Lisa, 446; attain- 

 ments in physical science, 661 ; on 

 the ash-coloured light of the moon, 

 702; geognostic conjectures, 732. 

 Vinland, early American settlement of 



the Northmen, 603 605, 612. 

 Virgil, beauty of his descriptions of 



nature, 385. 



Vitruvius, 443, 456, 457, 632. 

 Voltaic pile, its discovery compared 



with that of the telescope, 741. 

 Voltaire, on the 'Araucana,' of Ei 



cilia, 427, 428. 



Vossius, Isaac, researches on light, 

 716,717. 



Waagen, Professor, notes on early 



paintings, 444, 446. 

 Warahamihara, Indian mathematician, 



655. 

 Wellsted, first reported the existence 



of three mountain chains in Arabia 



675. 

 Weilauff, on the amber trade, 493, 



494. 



Xcnophanes, his geoyotic conjec- 

 tures, 567 



