ENEMIES AND DISEASES OF POULTRY 167 



the rest of the flock in their drinking water. A saturated 

 solution may be made by placing 1 oz. of the crystals 

 of permanganate of potash in a 2-oz. bottle of water. 

 One teaspoonful of this saturated solution will be 

 sufficient for 1 gal. of drinking water. A warm mash 

 with a little ginger and red pepper added as a tonic 

 may also be given with advantage. 



Gapes. Gapes is :a disease caused by parasites or gape 

 worms growing and adhering to the inner lining of the 

 windpipe. This causes the chicks to gasp for breath; 

 they open their mouths wide and sneeze or cough in an 

 effort to throw the parasite out of the windpipe. 



Among the remedies used for this is the feeding of 

 asafetida, garlic, or onion tops in soft food. A tea- 

 spoonful of powdered asafetida to a pint of food will be 

 plenty of this. Garlic and onion tops as much as they 

 will eat will not injure them. Another means of relief 

 is to introduce a feather down the throat and into the 

 windpipe, the point of the feather being dipped in sweet 

 oil before being introduced to the windpipe. 



Bronchitis. Bronchitis is a disease of the lining of 

 the air tubes. Fowls that take cold are apt to have 

 irritation of the bronchial tubes. When this becomes 

 aggravated a rattling in the throat is apparent. Treat- 

 ment is difficult. One drop of tincture of aconite may 

 be given every hour until four or five doses have been 

 administered. The fowl should be fed on warm bread 

 and milk or a warm mash. When the rattling in the 

 throat becomes aggravated there is but little chance for 

 relief. The use of pills made of iron, quinine, and 

 strychnine of the same strength that would be given to 

 a lO-yr.-old child may be administered one each 

 morning and evening. 



Diseases of the Intestines. Diseases of the intestines 

 are caused by improper feeding, poorly kept or un- 

 sanitary houses, yards, and buildings, or long-continued 

 exposure to damp and cold. These intestinal irritations 

 cause diarrhea, dysentery, and like ailments, which 

 may bring about what is known as going light. The 



