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RHEUMATISM. 



Symptoms. It is much the same as in the human family. It is 

 caused by exposure to dampness, or cold, and may be caused by poorly 

 constructed and ventilated houses, improper care, feed, etc. The bird 

 seems stiff in the joints, walks lame, and lacks .energy and activity. 



Treatment. Such birds should be kept in a dry, warm, well venti- 

 lated place, and given a good ration with plenty of green food. Some- 

 times it is a good idea to rub the joints, legs, and shanks with tincture 

 of arnica. 



COLDS AND ROUP. 



Symptoms. Common colds are caused by exposure to cold, damp 

 winds, stormy weather, drafts, overcrowding, poorly ventilated houses, 

 and similar causes. "When colds first appear, you will notice the birds 

 sneezing, bubbles in the corners of the eyes, a watery or sticky dis- 

 charge from the nostrils and eyes which the bird persists in wiping 

 off on the feathers of the neck. If this is not attended to, the bird 

 treated and the cause removed, it may result in roup. With genuine 

 roup there is usually an odor about the head of the affected bird. 

 Sometimes the eyes are swollen shut or the lids are stuck together. In 



Figure 17. Head of a bird. The lower figure shows the maxillo-ocular sinus, which 

 opens into the socket of the eye and communicates with the nasal cavities. The upper 

 figure shows the roup tumor on the head, caused by the filling of this cavity with 

 cheesy pus. (From Megnin.) 



this case, a cheese-like mass sometimes forms under the lids, and if the 

 lids are not opened and this removed and kept washed out, it will 

 destroy the eyesight entirely. The face of the bird is sometimes swollen 

 and a tumor forms on the side of the face between the eye and nostril. 

 Roup is a very infectious disease, and all sick birds should be isolated. 



