310 ARITHMETIC 



Rule. To find the number of barrels in a cistern, multiply 

 the volume in cubic feet by $. 



Rule. To find the number of gallons in a cylindrical vessel, 

 multiply the square of the diameter in inches by the height in 

 inches, and that product by .0034, 



GAUGING OF CASKS 



A cask resembles two frustums of cones with their 

 larger bases placed together. 



The bung diameter of a cask is the diameter measured 

 half way between the two ends; it is usually the greatest 

 diameter. 



The mean diameter of a cask is the mean between the 

 bung diameter and the head diameter. The mean 

 diameter is found Dy adding together the head diameter 

 and bung diameter and dividing the sum by 2. 



Rule. To find the number of gallons in a cask, multiply the 

 square of the mean diameter in inches by the length in inches t 

 and that product by .0034. 



EXAMPLE. The diameter of a cask is 27 in. at the 

 head, 33 in. at the bung, and the cask is 3 ft. long; 

 how many gallons will it hold? 



SOLUTION. Mean diameter = ^ = 30 in. Length = 3 ft. 



= 36 in. Capacity = 3Q2 X 36 X .0034 = 110.16 gal. 



To find the number of liters in the cask, multiply by 

 .0129 instead of .0034. If the cask is partly filled, stand 

 it on end, find the mean diameter of the part filled, 

 multiply its square by the height, and that product by 

 .0034. 



COAL AND HAY 



A ton (2,000 Ib.) of Lehigh coal, egg size, measures 

 34^s cu. ft. in the bin; Schuylkill coal, 35 cu. ft.; pink- 

 gray and red-ash coal, 36 cu. ft. ; Wyoming coal, 31 cu. ft. 



The bulk of a ton of hay is dependent on the pressure 

 to which it is subjected. Roughly speaking, a ton of 



