FIRST AID TO THE INJURED 345 



stomach and armpits and bottles or bladders of hot wa- 

 ter, heated bricks, etc. to the limbs and soles of the feet. 



After Treatment. When breathing has been estab- 

 lished, let the patient be stripped of all wet clothing, 

 wrapped in blankets only, put to bed comfortably 

 warm, but with free circulation of fresh air, and left to 

 perfect rest. Give whisky, or brandy, and hot water 

 in doses of a teaspoonful, or a tablespoonful, according 

 to the weight of the patient, or any other stimulant at 

 hand, every 10 or 15 min. for the first hour, and as 

 often thereafter as may seem expedient. After reaction 

 is fully established, there is great danger of con- 

 gestion of the lungs, and if perfect rest is not maintained 

 for at least 48 hr. it sometimes occurs that the patient 

 is seized with great difficulty of breathing, and death 

 is liable to follow unless immediate relief is afforded. 

 In such cases, apply a large mustard plaster over the 

 breast. If the patient gasps for breath before the 

 mustard takes effect, assist the breathing by carefully 

 repeating the artificial respiration. 



The foregoing treatment should be persevered in for 

 some hours, as it is an erroneous opinion that persons 

 are irrecoverable because life does not soon make its 

 appearance. 



MODIFICATION OF TREATMENT 



To Produce Respiration. If no assistant is at hand 

 and one person must work alone, place the patient on 

 his back with the shoulders slightly raised on a folded 

 article of clothing; draw forward the tongue and keep 

 it projecting just beyond the lips; if the lower jaw 

 be lifted,, the teeth may be made to hold the tongue in 

 place; it may be necessary to retain the tongue by pass- 

 ing a handkerchief under the chin and tying it over 

 the head. Grasp the arms just below the elbows and 

 steadily draw them upwards by the sides of the patient's 

 head to the ground, the hands nearly meeting, as shown 



