214 



PR A CT1CAL ANA TOMY. 



A Posterior Vim.' of tlic Thoracic Viscera (Fig. 151). Turn the lung still 

 further to the left and you can see the following structures even without cutting 

 structures as shown in the figure : (i) The aorta giving off its intercostals behind, 

 and its visceral branches in front ; (2) the trachea, left bronchus, oesophagus, and 

 thoracic duct behind the transverse arch of the aorta ; (3) the pulmonary veins, 

 right and left, leading to the left auricle of the heart ; (4) the recurrent laryngeal 

 branch of the left pneumogastric nerve ; (5) the trachea, bifurcating into the right 

 and left bronchi, opposite the fifth thoracic vertebra ; (6) the right and left pneu- 



CESOPHAGUS 

 TRACHEA 



Innominate artery 



RIGHT 

 PNEUMOGAXTRIC 



HER VE 



Vena cava superior 



Intercostal artery 



THORACIC DUCT 



Left subclavian artery 



LEFT PNEI'MO- 



GASTRIC NER VE 



LEFT RECURRENT 



LARYXGEAL NERVE 



Intercostal artery 



Pulmonary artery 



BRONCHIAL GLANDS 



Intercostal art^r^ 



LEFT BRONCHUS 



Lr ft pulmonary rein 



Descending aorta 



LEFT PLEUHA 



Oblique vein 



Left coronary artery 



Coronary sinus 



Left marginal branch i 

 left coronary artery 



Ventricular branches of 

 coronary artery 



Left le/ili-icle 



RIGHT BRONCHUS 

 Intercostal artery 

 Bronchial artery 



POSTERIOR 1TI<- 

 MONARY PLEXUS 



Right pldmniiani tn !, nj 



Riyht pulmonary vein 

 Vena azygos major 



RIGHT PLEURA 

 Left auricle 



Posterior cardiac vein 



Posterior intfn-eittricular 

 branch of right coronary 

 artery 



FIG. 151. THE HEART AND GREAT VESSELS, WITH THE ROOT OF THE LUNGS, SEEN FROM BEHIND 



(St. Bartholomew's Hospital Museum.) 



mogastric nerves ; (7) the pulmonary sympathetic plexus; (8) some bronchial 

 lymphatic glands. 



The Cardiac and Pulmonary Plexuses. On the posterior part of the. 

 bronchi you will find some nerves ; these form the posterior pulmonary plexus. 

 On the front of the bronchi you will also find some nerves ; these form the anterior 

 pulmonary plexus. Now cut through the trachea two inches above its bifurcation, 

 and you will see, immediately in front of the bifurcation, the deep cardiac plexus. 

 Look under the arch of the aorta and see the superficial cardiac plexus. 



The above plexuses furnish nerves that supply the heart and lungs. The 

 pulmonary plexus is a subdivision of the cardiac plexus. The terms anterior and 

 posterior pulmonary are used for convenience in describing the particular regions 



