178 EXPERIMENTAL INOCULATIONS 



the skin and muscular layers. Stop the haemorrhage. Incise the peritoneum 

 on a director. 



3. Get an assistant to pass his fingers into the wound and push the intestines 

 to the left as far as possible and hold them in the abdomen. 



4. Deep down, in the upper part of the wound below the liver the bend of 

 the duodenum will be seen, and, on a level with it, the principal mesenteric 

 veins converging above towards the portal vein. 



5. Having recognized the vein, isolate it, fix it and perforate the wall with 

 a bent needle. Inject the material. 



6. Withdraw the needle and wipe the puncture in the vein with a sponge 

 soaked in carbolic water. Put in two layers of sutures and cover the skin 

 incision with collodion. 



(xi) Inoculation into the kidneys. 



The dog, rabbit, guinea-pig, etc., may be used for this experiment. 



1. Lay the animal on the side opposite to that on which it is proposed to 

 operate, and anaesthetize it. Shave and cleanse the skin over the region 

 to be operated upon. 



2. Make an incision outside the sacro-lumbar muscles from the anterior 

 end of the last rib to the sacrum. 



3. Incise the muscles for the whole length of the skin incision on a level 

 with the external border of the floor of the lumbar region. 



4. Retract the margins of the wound widely and the peri-renal adipose 

 tissue will be exposed behind the peritoneum. Then,, after tearing through 

 the loose cellular adipose tissue with a director, the kidney appears in the 

 wound. 



5. Push the needle into the renal parenchyma and make the injection. 

 Withdraw the needle and touch the needle prick with a sponge soaked in 

 carbolic water. Insert two sets of sutures, and paint the skin incision with 

 collodion. 



Ureter. The ureter can be exposed by operating in the same way. When the 

 kidney is freed from the peri-renal adipose tissue the ureter will be seen lying with 

 the renal vessels and nerves. 



(xii) Inoculation into the anterior chamber of the eye. 



A. Liquids. 1. Fix the animal on its belly, and fasten the head so that 

 the animal cannot move it. It is well to anaesthetize the eye by dropping into 

 it a few drops of a 1*5 per cent, solution of cocaine. In about 5 minutes 

 the eye is completely insensitive. 



2. Hold the eyelids apart and fix the eye with the thumb and index finger 

 of the left hand. Insert the needle perpendicularly to the axis of the eye at 

 the margin of the cornea at the corneo-sclerotic junction. Inject a few 

 drops of the fluid and withdraw the needle. 



B. Solid.!. As in " A " above. 



2. Then, the eyelids being held apart and the eye fixed make* an incision 

 a few millimetres long along the upper border of the cornea with a cataract 

 knife or very fine scalpel. 



3. Holding the tissue to be inoculated with a fine pair of bent forceps 

 pass it through the incision and force it as far as possible into thelanterior 

 chamber by rubbing the cornea lightly with a Daviel's curette or the blunt 

 end of a probe. 



Inoculations into the anterior chamber are generally done on rabbits and are 

 practised chiefly for infecting with hydrophobia or syphilis, or for studying the 

 development of tuberculosis or the phenomena of phagocytosis. 



