706 THE PARASITIC YEASTS 



Similar fungi have been described under the following conditions. 



((3) Saccharomyces granulatus in a tumour of the human jaw (Vuillemin and 

 Legrain). 



[(y) Atelosaccharomyces l busse-buschki, de Beurmann and Gougerot] (Crypto- 

 coccus hominis, Vuillemin) found in a case of osteo-myelitis of the tibia and giving 

 rise to a generalized infection (Busse). 



(8) Saccharomyces ellipsoideus [vel roseus] found in cases of middle ear disease 

 by Maggiora and Gradenigo. 



(e) Saccharomyces membranogenes isolated by Steinhaus from the false membrane 

 on the trachea in a case of diphtheria. 



() Saccharomyces guttulatus in the intestine of the rabbit (Robin, Casagrandi 

 and Buscalioni). 



SECTION III. THE GENUS CRYPTOCOCCUS. 



Vuillemin classifies together in a provisional genus Cryptococcus certain 

 Blastomycetes in which the formation of asci has never been observed. 



1. Cryptococcus dermatitis (Gilchrist and Stokes). 



[Syn. Zymonema 2 gilchristi, de Beurmann and Gougerot : Cryptococcus 

 gilchristi, Vuillemin : Blastomyces dermatitis, Gilchrist and Stokes. 



[This parasite is the cause of a very chronic dermatitis known in America 

 as oidiomycosis, dermatitis coccidioides, protozoic dermatitis, blastomycetic 

 dermatitis, psorospermiasis, blastomycosis, coccidioidal granuloma and 

 saccharomycosis (I. H. Wright). The disease is apparently not uncommon 

 in America though rarely seen in Europe. 



[Microscopical appearance. In the tissues the micro-organism generally 

 occurs as spherical cells surrounded by a thick membrane ; as a rule the 

 cells are seen in pairs of unequal size the smaller having been budded off from 

 the larger. 



[In cultures. Cells similar to those seen in the lesions are found, in addition 

 to short mycelial filaments. 



[The parasite does not appear to be pathogenic when inoculated beneath 

 the skin of mice, guinea-pigs and dogs.] 



2. Cryptococcus (Saccharomyces) lithogenes was found by Sanfelice in the 

 glands of a bovine animal suffering from carcinoma of the liver. The yeast 

 consists of spherical bodies of variable size, enclosed within a refractile mem- 

 brane, and often undergoing calcareous degeneration in the tissues. It grows 

 easily on ordinary culture media and is pathogenic for guinea-pigs, sheep and 

 mice. In guinea-pigs, it leads to a generalized infection characterized by 

 the formation of nodular swellings containing calcareous concretions. 



3. Cryptococcus linguae pilosee was described by Lucet as occurring in 

 several cases of black tongue : it grows best on glucose media and is patho- 

 genic for mice, but Lucet failed to reproduce the lesions of black tongue 

 experimentally. In one case Gueguen found an Oospora (Oospora lingualis) 

 in association with the Cryptococcus. 



4. Cryptococcus farcinosus is the cause of epizootic lymphangitis, a con- 

 tagious disease affecting horses, mules [and cattle] (Rivolta). [The disease 

 is indigenous along the Mediterranean littoral particularly in Italy, and has 

 been imported into India, South Africa and England probably with infected 

 mules.] This yeast, consisting of oval or rounded cells often budding at one 

 end, grows with difficulty except on potato or coagulated glycerin-glucose- 

 horse-serum. 



imperfect. ] [ 2 1^77 yeast, vrj/j.a filament.] 



