THE HAPLOSPOBIDIA 759 



and is accompanied by a slight fall of temperature below normal ; death occasionally 

 takes place about the twentieth day. Post mortem examination reveals no lesion 

 of importance. 



Inoculation of the aqueous extract into the peritoneal cavity has the same effect 

 as sub-cutaneous inoculation. After intra-venous inoculation symptoms develop 

 rather more rapidly. Inoculation of large doses into the brain gives rise to the 

 same symptoms as the inoculation of similar doses beneath the skin. Feeding 

 experiments and the injection of the aqueous extract into the small intestine do not 

 prove fatal. 



Mesnil extracted a similar sarcocystine from Sarcosporidia found in the oeso- 

 phagus of an Hungarian buffalo. An emulsion in normal saline solution of 

 Sarcosporidia from a Llama inoculated into rabbits gave rise to symptoms 

 referable to the nervous system ascending paralysis, sub-normal temperature, 

 etc. ; there was no diarrhoea (Rievel and Behrens). 



Properties of sarcocystine. The properties of sarcocystine resemble those 

 of certain bacterial toxins. The aqueous extract loses its toxicity when 

 heated at 100 C. for 5 minutes or at 85 C. for 20 minutes. The glycerin 

 extract is more resistant to the action of heat ; after heating at 85 C. for 

 30 minutes it will still prove fatal to rabbits if inoculated in large doses. 



By mixing an aqueous extract of sarcocystine with Gram's solution or a 

 1 in 12 solution of hypochlorite of sodium its toxicity is lowered. 



The toxicity of the extract is not diminished by triturating it with rabbits' 

 brain or muscles, so that the toxin is not fixed by these tissues. 



SECTION IV. THE HAPLOSPORIDIA. 



Caullery and Mesnil include under this heading certain Protozoa which, 

 though related to the Sarcosporidia and the Microsporidia, are characterized 

 by the absence of polar capsules in the sporozoi'tes. 



O'Kinealy described a vascular tumour of the nose in a man in Calcutta 

 which was due to an Haplosporidium (Rhinosporidium kinealyi). This 

 tumour contained encysted parasites of a spherical shape. 



The young parasites have a granular protoplasm surrounded by an hyaline 

 membrane and containing several small nuclei : later, the enveloping mem- 

 brane thickens and the protoplasm segments around the nuclei to form 

 sporoblasts and these in turn divide and form sporozoi'tes which, being set free 

 by rupture of the cyst, give rise to new parasites. 



