it altogether, while others may fall victims to it in a very short time. The 

 temperature aud the time of the year has much to do with its early manifesta- 

 tions. The infection is the most virulent during the warm, sultry weather, and 

 in a cold, wet season it is very inactive. Hence the appearance of this malady, 

 after a given exposure, is very uncertain. In the early part of summer, most 

 of the exposures are affective, with the disease soon following, and that with 

 very fatal consequences. But later iu the season the invasion is less marked, 

 very irregular in occurrence, and the mortality much reduced. But usually 

 from geueral exposure where native cattle have been turned into a lot in which 

 Texans have been recently pastured, it will require from four to six weeks to 

 develop the malady. In this respect, Secretary Gold and I observed some 

 curious facts last fall in Connecticut, which need to be explained. Either na- 

 tives may give this disease, contrary to universal testimony, or the period of 

 incubation must be exteuded to three months in certain individual cases that 

 occurred under our inspection. The early symptoms are often quite obscure, 

 and the manner in which the disease appears is quite variable, o^ing to the 

 age and general condition of the animal. In cows you will notice, perhaps, 

 a sudden diminution in the quantity of milk, as the first indication of the ap- 

 proaching trouble. The ears droop, the gait is sluggish and tottering, and more 

 or less trembling will be seen about the flauks. There is a disinclination to 

 move, and the creature stands for some time with depressed head in one posi- 

 tion. The back is aiched, the abdominal walls are shrunken, and the patient 

 looks poor and hollow. The skin is dry and hot, especially about the head, 

 and is seldom or never moistened by perspiration. The bowels are usually 

 very costive at the commencement, but in a few cases I have noticed a loose- 

 ness iu the last stages. The faeces are frequently retained for several days, and 

 thus discharge with difficulty, being very hard and dry, clothed in mucus with 

 stains of blood. The urine becomes an important symptom to observe. At 

 first it is scanty and high colored aud there are frequent attempts to pass it ; 

 but later the bladder becomes distended, its walls paralyzed, and the power of 

 micturition lost. After death the kidneys appear swollen from the effusion 

 and transudation of the blood within the tissues. They are much enlarged at 

 times, and somewhat distorted in form as though they were twisted. On 

 siction they appear very dirk and unnatural within. The urine is bloody, and 

 when the disease is viewed from this pathological point, it might well be called 

 the "Red Water" of Europe, which it so much resembles. The bladder, after 

 death, is usually distended with dark, wine colored liquid, and, with its con- 

 tents, will frequently weigh twelve pounds. Such a condition is but the conse- 

 quence of the congested state of the capillaries in these eliminating organs. 

 The respiration is but little affected, and the heart and lungs show no signs of 

 disease, unless complicated. Hence the great difference in symptoms between 

 this aud pleuro-pneumonia. 



In some obscure cases there is oftentimes great doubt entertained during life 

 as to the nature of the malady, but the appearance of the morbid anatomy of 

 the internal organs upon post mortem examination is so marked that we are 

 enabled to decide the matter at once. The spleen is found invariably much 



