enlarged. In this respect it closely resembles splenic apoplexy. It is often 

 increased to five times its normal weight and sometimes even more. This 

 organ is completely engorged with blood that is undergoing chemical changes 

 towards putrefaction. The tissues become soft and the viscus is not unfre- 

 quently ruptured, even before death. I saw a case a few weeks ago, at Brat- 

 tleboro, Vt., where the spleen was thirt)' inches in length, eight in breadth and 

 three inches thick, and weighed twelve pounds. Such an organ cannot be 

 easily overlooked. In Chicago, a few years ago, this condition was regarded 

 as a sure indication of the disease, and hence all such meat condemned, as it 

 truly should be in every case of this kind. The liver is also much congested 

 and enlarged, often twice its normal size, weighing from twenty to thirty 

 pounds. There is more or less softening and it is sometimes waxy. It is very 

 yellow in color, and occasionally a tinge of greenish black. The gall bladder 

 is usually full of dark viscid and flocculent bile. It contains an abundance of 

 granular flakes, which present a brilliant appearance of transmuted light, and 

 are characteristic of the disease in question. 



There is more or less inflammation and erosion about the stomach, especial- 

 ly in the fourth apartment, known as the abomasum. This, with the upper 

 portion of the bowel, is often congested and softened. The effects of this 

 congestion appears in a marked degree in all the Texan and Cherokee cattle 

 when slaughtered for beef in our northern markets. Hence it might be in- 

 ferred that the meat was diseased also. Yet we have no proof that any harm 

 ever came from eating it. But when we remember that the spleens of all the 

 southern cattle are twice as large as in our native stock, we should well con- 

 sider this whole matter in a sanitary point of view, before adopting this class 

 of cheap beef from such malarial districts for our daily use. I would not con- 

 demn such meat as unfit for food, yet I much prefer to have a home-made 

 article. The blood in this disease undergoes very important changes, and even 

 there is abundant evidence of the dissolution of its proximate elements. The 

 reel corpuscles are perceptibly modified in form and size, as well as wonder- 

 fully diminished in quantity in the last stages of the malady. Hence the color- 

 ing matter is diffused all over the body and appears in the excretion from the 

 kidneys. This constitutes the Haematuria, "Red or Black Water," as the 

 case may be, according to the length of time the urine has been retained in the 

 bladder. Bile is always to be detected in the blood, and thus acts as the solvent 

 to these anatomical elements. Oholaemia therefore exists, as shown by the 

 yellowish coloring matter found in all the exudations that have taken place. 

 This is well shown beneath the skin, and in nearly all the internal organs. 



To diagnose this disease the thermometer is universally acknowledged to 

 be the most valuable instrument that we possess. It enables us to determine 

 the exact degree of internal heat, which is an important symptom at an early 

 stage of the malady. The elevation of temperature indicates the severity of an 

 attack, and this will vary from lOO", the normal standard to 108 Q in fatal 

 cases. And the ticks which are zoologically known as the Ixodes bovis are 

 also important in doubtful cases. Their presence seems as a label to tell us 

 either from whence the creatures came or the exposure they have encountered. 



