42 THE EQUIPMENT OF THE FARM. 



employed, in addition to the tenant and his sister, and 

 extra help at hay, grain harvest, and turnip singling, 

 consists of three men and two hoys, the wages varying from 

 32 to 10 per annum, apiece, with hoard and lodging in 

 the house : also one woman and one girl, wages 20 and 

 10 per annum, with hoard and lodging. The tenant keeps 

 his land in fair condition, pays his rent, and makes a pro- 

 vision for the future. 



(4) Old Hall Farm, High Furness, Lancashire, stands 

 midway between the mountain and lower farms. It comprises 

 85 acres ; the subsoil is gravel. The tenant works the farm 

 on the seven-course, and this year he has 14 acres of oats 

 (the climate is unsuitable for either wheat or barley), 6 

 acres of swedes, some 2 J acres of cabbages, mangels, pota- 

 toes, and carrots. He cuts 12 acres for hay, and the rest 

 is in pasture. The tenant's only specifics are cleanliness, 

 liberal, not extravagant, manuring and feeding, combined 

 with economy and close personal supervision. 



The live stock of the farm consists of three work horses, 

 twelve milk cattle, showing good Shorthorn characteristics ; 

 one Shorthorn bull, six 2-year-old cattle, seven yearlings 

 and seven calves. One brood sow, with nine young ones, 

 and four store pigs, for sale and family use as bacon, 

 thirty ewes, half and three-parts bred Leicesters, forty- 

 seven lambs, and one Leicester ram. As a rule, about 

 seven beasts, of home breed, are annually fatted bullocks, 

 and cows that have ceased to breed. The heifer calves are 

 brought up to supplement the stock of milk cattle. Only 

 some half-dozen ram lambs are sold fat when prices are 

 best, as the tenant finds it pays him best to sell them as 

 hoggs when the mutton market is dearest. Roots and oats 

 are the principal foods, supplemented with cake and cotton 



