A NORTH COUNTRY FARM. 43 



cake. Through winter both fatting sheep and breeding 

 ewes have an allowance of crushed linseed cake and oats. 

 The implements comprise a 2-horse threshing machine, 

 2 -horse combined mower and reaper (this has been in use 

 fifteen years), a 1 -horse hay elevator, one horse rake ; a 

 horse chaffcutter, corn crusher worked by the same gearing 

 as the thresher, oilcake crusher ; one double plough, single 

 plough, turnip drill (single), iron and wood harrows, scumer, 

 grubber, three tilt carts, forks, rakes, spades, &c. The 

 labour of the farm is done by the tenant and his three sons, 

 12 to 16 years of age, who go to school again in winter 

 time. The work of the house, dairy, &c., is performed 

 by the daughter and a girl, whose wage may be 12, with 

 board and lodging. 



We may mention as a very sensible part of farm equip- 

 ment that the tenant's practice is to supply each son with 

 an account book, in which are kept records of all the sales 

 and purchases sales of fat stock, butter, eggs showing 

 daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, and annual totals ; also of 

 the amount of manures and foods purchased for land and 

 live stock. By this means one year's sale and profits of live 

 stock can be contrasted with the past at a glance. By this 

 means, also, one month's record of butter produce can be 

 contrasted with another. 



(5) A North Country Farm. There are here 610 acres, 

 550 acres of which are arable, and the rest permanent 

 pasture. The 610 acres are divided into two farms the 

 one containing 314 acres, and worked on the eight years' 

 course (three years grass), and the other containing 296 

 acres, worked on a seven years' course. The two farms lie 

 together, but are generally worked separately, except at a 



