44 THE EQUIPMENT OF THE FARM. 



push such as seed-time and harvest. On the 314-acre 

 farm four pairs of horses and an odd horse are kept, and 

 sometimes a young horse, which works ahout two days 

 per week from March to May. On this farm they have 

 40 acres wheat, 36 acres barley, 38 acres oats, 4 

 acres tares, 3 acres fallow, 25 acres hay, 106 acres grass 

 (16 acres of which were young grass pastured with early 

 lambs), 38J- acres turnips, and 22 J acres potatoes. On the 

 296-acre farm they have three and a-half pair of horses, 

 working 32J acres wheat, 32J acres barley, 61 acres oats, 

 25 acres hay, 20 acres grass (10 acres of which were young 

 grass pastured), 16 acres potatoes, 32|- acres turnips, 10 

 acres fallow, 4 acres beans, and 62J acres permanent 

 pasture. On the larger farm there are four horsemen and a 

 cattleman ; on the other, a cattleman (who is also foreman), 

 a shepherd, and three ploughmen, one of whom gets weekly 

 wages, and is included among the odd men. The wages of all 

 the men average about 44 10s., including perquisites, 

 or a total of 400 10s. ; while from the labour book it 

 appears that extra men and women cost 234, and bread 

 and beer during harvest cost 20, or a total of 654 

 10s. for 624 acres (including the 12 acres extra hay), or 

 rather less than 1 Is. per acre. The women workers get 

 Is. 2d. per day, 2s. 3d. during harvest, and 2s. for potato 

 lifting. There are thus sixteen horses on the two farms 

 nine on the one and seven on the other. Very few calves 

 have been reared for a number of years back, as it has been 

 found cheaper to buy English or good Irish stirks. Six 

 cows are kept at the home farm, and a man at the off farm 

 has a cow for providing his men. From eight to ten calves 

 are usually brought up. There are generally 95 to 105 head 

 of cattle during the winter, about fifty being fed, and the 



