FARM. CAPITAL. 63 



and the farm capital under this head may amount to 20 or 

 more an acre. Lastly we come to the provision of machinery, 

 and here again the necessities of the case vary between 

 the widest extremes. A large arahle farm with steam-power 

 for cultivation, and for threshing, and for working food 

 machinery all of them probahly separate engines with 

 the threshing machine, and elaborate machinery for cutting, 

 chaffing, pulping, steaming, &c. ; besides the ordinary 

 supply of tillage implements and carriages may cost 3 

 an acre for machinery. An ordinary farm, where much 

 machinery of the costly sort may be hired, need not cost 1 

 an acre for its tools ; and on a grazing farm, where hardly 

 any machinery at all is needed, the cost is reduced to a 

 minimum. We have given in an appendix the cost of 

 the machines of the farm, and in the previous chapter 

 there were examples given of the actual equipment of the 

 land in these particulars on English and Scotch farms, 

 so that the sum actually required in any case may be 

 calculated. 



The totals under implements and live stock thus reach 

 amounts varying between 3 and 1, and 20 and 4, 

 respectively; and the total farm capital, it will be seen, 

 varies between the widest possible extremes. 



In the case of Professor Wrightson's farm of 550 acres, 

 at Downton, Wiltshire, it amounts to about 14 per acre. 

 This is on a light land farm mostly arable. In the case 

 of Mr. C. Kandell's farm of 565 acres, at Chadbury, 

 Evesdam, 390 being arable, and much of it being heavy 

 land all of it very laborious, and involving extra labour 

 for some amount of market gardening the capital is no 

 less than 17 per acre. 



We have not considered, as one of the divisions of the 



