90 THE EQUIPMENT OF THE FARM. 



the tank, and the orifice guarded by a perforated brass 

 plate, to which a three-quarter-inch galvanised pipe is 

 attached. This is sufficient for the ordinary requirements 

 of a farmyard. "Where there is a constant supply and 

 a sufficient head storage, tanks are unnecessary at the 

 homestead. In many localities it is impracticable to 

 obtain a supply by gravitation, and then it may be possible 

 to utilise the small fall of some stream or rivulet to propel 

 a ram or turbine. The former is inexpensive in its action, 

 and can be worked with a small fall, even in almost level 

 districts. The artificial ponds or lakes in the park will 

 thus sometimes furnish the means of supplying both the 

 mansion and homestead with water. Of all water engines 

 with which we are acquainted, the turbine is the .most 

 successful. "Whether used on a large or a small scale, it 

 will work with a very small head of water and a slight fall. 

 Where a sufficient supply is available, it is the most 

 economical and efficient prime mover at present in use, 

 whether for pumping the water supply or for driving the 

 ordinary machinery of the farm. 



The Sanitary Act which applies to rural districts will 

 soon banish from the farmyard the old drinking-pond, into 

 which the storm-waters from the roofs and roads, and the 

 diluted urine from the manure heap, and the slops from the 

 scullery and kitchen flowed. Wherever live stock are thus 

 supplied, no better illustration of the force of habit could 

 possibly be adduced than is seen in the eagerness with which 

 the domestic animals, when released from their stalls, 

 slake their thirst with apparent relish. Although no ill 

 effects are immediately apparent, nevertheless the cattle 

 are thus rendered more susceptible to attacks of blood 

 poisoning and other kindred ailments, to which they 



