THE FARM HOMESTEAD. 107 



waggon-shed proper has either elliptical brick arches, 1O 

 feet wide in front, or 18-inch brick piers which support a 

 bressummer. In other cases wooden or cast-iron pillars on 

 stone plinths are used. The latter are liable to be broken by 

 the negligence of a servant. At one end should be placed the 

 blacksmith's forge and joiner's shop, and at the other sepa- 

 rate bays for drill, reaper, and mower, forks, rakes, and other 

 small tools : also a store for artificial manure. This too is the 

 most suitable place for a granary overhead, which may extend 

 the whole length of the building, except the part occupied 

 by the smith's shop. It is entered by a stair placed at the 

 end of the building. By means of an endless rope passing- 

 over a grooved wheel, or by a crane and winch arrangement, 

 the full sacks are lifted from the floor or cart, and are 

 landed in the granary. The grain is loaded into the cart 

 in the same way ; and this entirely dispenses with the old 

 laborious system of carrying by men. 



Barns, Dressing Floors, Food Houses. Large barns 

 are no longer a necessary part of the buildings of a farm ; 

 and the use of fixed barn machinery is now generally 

 abandoned. Hence all that is now requisite is a dressing; 

 floor. Except under very favourable circumstances, it is 

 found necessary, if a uniform sample is desired, to shoot 

 the grain in a heap as the threshing proceeds, afterwards 

 passing the bulk through a hand blower, from which it 

 is sacked and weighed off for market. 



With the altered systems of stock management, new 

 requirements have to be met, the more urgent of which are 

 suitable facilities for the preparation of artificial foods. 

 Separate rooms are required for grist mill, chaff house, 

 root house, and grains cistern. The chaff-cutter is best 



