xii Contents 



PAGE 



resorption. The fate of foreign bodies in the organism. The resorption 

 of cells. Intracellular digestion. This digestion effected by the aid of 

 soluble ferments. Digestion in Planarians and Actinians. Actino- 

 diastase. Transition from intracellular digestion to digestion by secreted 

 juices. Digestion in the higher animals. Enterokynase and the part 

 it plays in digestion. The psychical and nervous elements in digestion. 

 Adaptation of the pancreatic secretion to the kind of food. Excretion 

 of pepsin in the blood and in the urine. 



CHAPTER IV 



RESORPTION OF THE FORMED ELEMENTS 67 



Digestion in the tissues. Resorption of cells in the Invertebrata. Resorption 

 of red corpuscles by the phagocytes of the Vertebrata. Phagocytes. 

 Various categories of these cells. Macrophages and microphages. Part 

 played by macrophages in the resorption of the formed elements. 

 Digestive property of the macrophagic organs. Solution of the red 

 blood corpuscles by the blood serums. The two substances which 

 operate in haemolysis. Macrocytase and fixative. Analogy of the latter 

 with enterokynase. Escape of the macrocytase during phagolysis. Sup- 

 pression of phagolysis. Resorption of the spermatozoa. Presence of 

 fixatives in plasmas. Origin of fixatives. 



CHAPTER V 

 RESORPTION OF ALBUMINOID FLUIDS 106 



Resorption of albuminoid substances. The precipitins of blood serum which 

 appear as a result of the absorption of serums and of milk. Absorption 

 of gelatine. Leucocytic origin of the ferment which digests gelatine. 

 Anti-enzymes. Antirennet. The anticytotoxins. Antihaemotoxic 

 serums. Their two constituent parts: anticytase and antifixative. 

 Action of anticytase. The antispermotoxins. Origin of anticytotoxins. 

 Ehrlich's theory on this question. Origin of antihaemotoxin. Origin of 

 antispermotoxin. Production of this antibody by castrated males. 

 The antispermofixative produced when the spermatozoa are excluded. 

 Distribution of spermotoxin and antispermotoxin in the organism. 



CHAPTER VI 

 NATURAL IMMUNITY AGAINST PATHOGENIC MICRO-ORGANISMS .... 128 



Natural immunity and the composition of the body fluids. Cultivation of the 

 bacteria of influenza and pleuro-pneumonia in the fluids of refractory 

 animals. Resistance of Daphniae to the Blastomycetes. Examples of 

 natural immunity in Insects and Mollusca. Immunity of Fishes against 

 the anthrax bacillus. Immunity of frogs against anthrax, Ernst's bacillus, 

 the bacillus of mouse septicaemia, and the cholera vibrio. Natural 

 immunity in the cayman. Immunity of the fowl and pigeon against 

 anthrax and human tuberculosis. Immunity of the dog and rat against 

 the anthrax bacillus. Immunity of Mammals against anthrax vaccines. 

 Immunity of the guinea-pig against spirilla, vibrios, and streptococci. 

 Natural immunity against anaerobic bacilli. Fate of Blastomycetes and 

 Trypanosomata in the refractory organism. 



