580 



Index 



268, 271, 318; of human blood against, 

 271. 318 ; immunity to, is not insuscepti- 

 bility to its toxin, 290 ; origin of protective 

 property against, 291 ; protective action 

 of various fluids against, 320; antagonism 

 between certain bacteria and, 324; in 

 stomach, 419, 567 ; susceptible to acids in 

 vitro, 419; in intestine, 423, 567; serum 

 from animals immunised against, 532 



Cholesterin. See also Fats 



Cholesterin, fixation of toxins by, 387 ; fix- 

 ation of saponin by, 389 



Chytridium, 12 



Cicatrisation of plants, 34 



Clasmatocytes, 78 



Clavelee (la). See Sheep-pox 



Clavelisation against Sheep-pox, 460 



Clothes-moths, micro-organisms absent from 

 digestive canal of larvae of certain, 420 



Coccobacillus prodigiosus. See under Micro- 

 coccus 



Cockchafer larva, 70, 326 



Complement of Ehrlich, 88, 91, 193, 251, 297 



Complementoids of Ehrlich, 115 



Concussion, spinal, adaptation to, 564 



Conjunctiva, elimination of micro-organisms 

 by the, 408 ; absorption of toxins by the, 

 409 



Copula of P. Miiller, 91 



Cornea, protective resistance by the, 409 



Crayfish, susceptible to certain toxins, 345; 

 blood of, antitoxic against scorpion 

 venom, 366 ; poor intestinal flora of, 421 



Crickets and micro-organisms, 41, 133; 

 natural immunity against toxins in, 329 



Crustacea. See Crayfish, Daphnia 



Crustacea, protective function of integument 

 of, 404 



Cyprinus. See Goldfish 



Cytase of Laurent, 86 



Cytases (syn. alexins, complements), 93, 98, 

 123; elaborated by phagocytes, 197, 252, 

 539, 549-556 ; thrown out into plasmas 

 during phagolysis, 95, 99, 102, 197, 252, 

 551-554; bactericidal power of , 183, 184, 

 191, 193-198, 217 (see also Bactericidal, 

 Body fluids, Serums) ; unity or plurality 

 of, in same serum, 193, 197; absorption of, 

 194, 200 ; two kinds of, macrocy tase and 

 microcytase, 195, 296, 549; characters of 

 the, 197, 549; enzymes other than, in 

 phagocytes, 197; in the immunised or- 

 ganism, 250-255, 296, 317, 554; presence 

 or absence of, how determined, 253 ; Ehr- 

 lich's and author's views on, contrasted, 

 297 ; compared with fixatives, 555 



Cytotoxins, 105 (note), 110, 116 



Daphnia, resistance of, to Blastomycetes, 



131, 404, 520 



Darwin on the extinction of the elephant, 8 

 Dennis, arrest of micro-organisms in the, 



406 



Desmon (of London), 91 



Diastases. See Digestive ferments, Ferments 



Digestion in the higher animals, 49, 59-65; 

 psychical and nervous elements in, 62, 

 566; extracellular, by secreted juices, 49, 

 58, 62 ; the liver of the Mollusca as second 

 organ of, 59; in the tissues, 67; and re- 

 sorption closely related, 69, 85; by ma- 

 crophagic organs, 85, 150 



Digestion, intracellular. See also Phago- 

 cytes, Phagocytosis, Eesorption 



Digestion, intracellular, 48, 85, 517, 518, 

 520; in the Protozoa, 13, 30, 49; in 

 Planarians, 49, 71, 82 ; in Actinians, 53, 

 82, 85; in Sponges, 69, 517; transition 

 from, to digestion by secreted juices, 49, 

 58 



Digestive ferments, antitoxic function of, 

 424 ; action of, on toxin of botulism, 420 



Diphtheria, 7, 41, 132, 204 ; antitoxic power 

 of blood of convalescents from, 443 ; anti- 

 toxic power against, in blood of healthy 

 persons, 444; and in blood of new-born 

 children, 445; heredity of immunity 

 against, 445, 447, 448; influence of anti- 

 cytase serum on, 371 ; vaccinations against, 

 495-503; serum against, 495; standard- 

 isation and testing of this serum, 496- 

 498; its protective and antitoxic powers 

 do not develop in equal ratio, 497; its 

 prophylactic use, 498-503; accidents 

 during treatment, 499, 502; statistics, 

 500-503 



Diphtheria toxin, increased susceptibility of 

 immunised guinea-pig to, 290; natural im- 

 munity of rat and mouse against, 204, 339 ; 

 natural immunity of frog against, 330; 

 immunisation against, 344, 347, 349, 353 ; 

 attenuation of, 344 ; preventive action of 

 nucleohiston on, 365; action of, on brain 

 of laboratory animals, 386 ; sets up local 

 lesions in the conjunctiva, 409; pepsin 

 destroys, 419 



Diplococcus pneumoniae. See Pueumococ- 

 cus 



Diseases, fear of, and pessimism^ 1, 569 ; 

 atrophic, probably due to a parasite, 

 3; mechanical element as etiological 

 factor, 3; toxic element as etiological 

 factor, 4 ; developed on the earth at a very 

 early epoch, 8; and extinction of species, 

 8; infective, in multicellular plants, 29- 

 39 ; set up by Fungi. See Fungi 



Dog, immunity of, against anthrax, 149- 

 151, 242; action of anthrax bacillus on 

 rabid, 150; immunity of, against strepto- 

 cocci, 167; naturally refractory against 

 a staphylococcus, 266 ; bactericidal action 

 of blood of, on anthrax bacillus, 150, 151, 

 156; digestion of gelatine by leucocytes 

 of, 108 ; enterokynase in lymphoid organs] 

 of, 61; digestive fluids of, 62-65; dism 

 fecting power of small intestine of, 422 



