KENTUCKY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. 23 



cinnati (the Fairmount beds of the Maysville), and is usually 

 specified for the better class of work. In the early history of 

 Cincinnati the upper layers, the only ones outcropping there, 

 were quarried in the Kentucky bank opposite Cincinnati, and 

 these layers, still exposed from West Covington to Lndlow, 

 though no longer quarried, are known locally as the old river 

 quarries. 



Field work has indicated that three subdivisions of these beds 

 are present in the central Kentucky region. Further work is, 

 however, necessary to establish these divisions. It is probable 

 that these are represented in the Point Pleasant beds, though in 

 this area the lithological aspect and thickness may be considera- 

 bly different from farther south. 



The upper layers of the Point Pleasant beds are usually rath- 

 er massive,' irregular, crinoidal limestones. They are called 

 crinoidal because they consist in large part of the separated 

 joints of crinoidal stems, all jumbled together. These layers 

 were found at all points where the contact between the Point 

 Pleasant and Eden was seen. Among these places may be cited 

 Winchester, Falmouth, Moscow, Point Pleasant and Covington. 

 In Bourbon and Clark counties these upper layers seem to be 

 more strongly developed than farther north. 



The Winchester fauna is a fairly large one. Fossils are usu- 

 ally abundant, particularly in certain layers. Cyclonema vari- 

 cosum. Eridotrypa briarcus and Constellaria emaclata may be 

 regarded as the characteristic fossils, as they range through, 

 most of the group and may usually be found with a little search. 

 A medium-sized species of Rdfinesquina is also rather abundant 

 at most places. Poorly preserved casts of some gastropods, 

 Lophospira, Protou'.artlna, and Raphistona. and of some lamel- 

 Hbranchs are also fairly common. Superficially the fauna has 

 considerable resemblance of that of the Fairmount in the Mays- 

 ville group, but the species are entirely different. Plectam~bon- 

 ites sericcus occurs sporadically, particularly at the north. 



