SOIL MANAGEMENT. 



17 



the top spade depth of soil from both the first and 

 second trenches, and place it in a heap as before. 

 Next take out the second spade depth from the first 

 trench and place it in a heap beside the surface soil, 

 but keep it separate. (See Fig. 3.) This exposes 

 the third spade depth in the first trench, which is 

 turned over and left in its former position ; the second 

 spade depth from the next trench is dug over on the 

 top of it, and the first trench is then filled up by 

 throwing forward the surface spade depth of soil 



FIG. 4. Deep Trenching. 



1 and 2. Top soil first removed. 



3. 2nd spade depth also removed. 



4. 3rd ,, ,, turned over only 



6. 2nd ,, ,, from 2nd trench turned over on 4. 

 6. Top soil from 3rd trench thrown forward to take the 

 place of 1 and fill up the first trench. 



from the third trench. In this way the ground is 

 worked three feet deep throughout without changing 

 the relative positions of the soil layers, as indicated 

 in Fig. 4. 



Breaking in Fresh Ground. When breaking in 

 fresh ground for vegetable growing, double digging 

 the area the first winter is the best method to adopt. 

 If it happens to be grass land the turf should first of 

 all be stripped from the paths and be dug in as the 

 work proceeds. Grass paths are unsatisfactory, and 



(2,042) 2 



