INTRODUCTION. 



Man}' details must be omitted in the succeeding text which 

 are of importance in each operation, but which, if inserted, 

 would render the volume unwieldy in size for the purpose 

 designed. 



These details are in a measure alike in each case, and it is 

 assumed that the student has already familiarized himself 

 with them. The more important of these may be summa- 

 rized as follows : 



1. The subject should be securely confined in each case 

 as directed, because the method designated has been found 

 effective in the operation under description, and serves to fix 

 the relations of the parts in such a way as to conform to the 

 surgical anatomy of the region as outlined in the text. It 

 is to be constantly borne in mind that a change in the atti- 

 tude of the animal may cause profound alterations in the 

 relations of parts which displacement may greatly embarass 

 the operator, or even prevent his carrying out the operation 

 according to the technic given. In securing an animal for 

 operation the whole body should be confined in a way that 

 will sufficiently control movements and will insure safety to 

 the patient and operator ; the part to be operated upon must 

 be so fixed as to properly limit its motion and in a position 

 to afford the greatest facility for the carrying out of the 

 operation according to the technic given. 



2. Anaesthesia should be carefully carried out everywhere 

 possible, because in addition to the humane sentiments in- 

 volved, the resulting perfect control of the animal is an 

 essential in aseptic or antiseptic surgery. The student 

 should make a careful study of anaesthesia in these exercises 

 and acquire invaluable experience and confidence for their 

 use in actual practice. 



