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\AGINAL OJARIOrOMY IN THE COW. 



reached open them barely sufficient to admit the ovarian 

 attachments between the blades and cut the gland away 

 along with a portion of the broad ligament. Or introduce 

 the ecraseur and drawing the ovary through the loop of the 

 chain and holding it securely until the instrument is 

 tightened, crush it off in this way. 



It is essential that plenty of the broad ligament and ovi- 

 duct be excised with the ovary to insure the entire removal 

 of the latter, because the accidental leaving of the smallest 

 particle of ovarian tissue will cause a development of this 

 into abnormally large cystic ovisacs, and will tend to in- 

 crease instead of decrease nymphomania. Should the 

 animal be pregnant the ovary on the gravid side is dragged 

 downward and forward out of reach of the operator's 

 fingers, and if it is desired to complete the operation it may 

 be necessary to enlarge the vaginal wound and introduce 

 the entire hand, when the ovary can be reached and re- 

 moved. Generally no after care is necessary. 



The Dangers are similar to those of the mare. The 

 iliac arteries may be wounded in the same manner as in the 

 mare and is preventable by being careful to push the vaginal 

 roof well downwards away from the rectum and sacrum. 

 In rare instances fatal hemorrhage follows the cutting off 

 of the ovaries with the scissors especially in cows sterile be- 

 cause of diseased ovaries accompanied by a want of tone. 

 For this reason it is safer in cows sterile from diseased 

 ovaries to use the ecraseur but even this instrument is not 

 wholly proof against hemorrhage and fatalities have been 

 rarely recorded after its use so that some veterinarians have 

 advised ligation of the arteries instead, but this is a complex 

 process which requires much time for its accomplishment. 

 Another danger appears in the presence of the rumen, the 

 supero-posterior portion of which when filled with food 

 projects into the pelvic cavity and if the cut is directed for- 

 wards a stab wound readily penetrates its walls with fatal 

 results. Make the cut upwards and backwards. 



