158 CX7IJ»VPSR*B COMPLETE HERBAL. 



Place. — ^They are known to grow on dry barren heaths, 

 and other waste, gravelly, or sandy grounds, in all counties 

 of England. 



Time. — ^They also flower in the summer months. 



Oovemment and Virtues. — Mars owns the herbs. They 

 are hot and dry, and open obstructions of the liver and 

 spleen. A decoction made with the flowers thereof has 

 been found effectual against the jaundice ; as also to 

 provoke urine, and cleanse the kidneys from gravel or 

 stone engendered in theuL Mars does this also by sym- 

 pathy. 



GALINQALE.— <Cypen« Longue.) 



Descrip. — The English Galingale has a great many nar- 

 row graJOfy leaves, rough and hard in handling, among 

 which rises a triangular stalk about two feet high, on the 

 top of which grows a tuft, or pannicle, consisting of small 

 brown scaly spikes, with a few short leaves set on at their 

 bottom. The root is long and slender, of 8 dark brown 

 colour on the outside, and lighter within, of a pleasant 

 ■cent, and a little hot and bitter in taste. 



Place, — It grows in some parts of England, in the 

 marshes ; but we have it generally brought from Italy. 



Time, — It flowers in June and July. 



Oovemment and Virtues. — This is a martial plant, being 

 heating and drying, expelling wind, and strengthening 

 the bowels ; they help tne colic, provoke urine, and the 

 terms, and prevent the dropsy: they are cephalic, and 

 good for the swimming of the head and giddiness ; and 

 are sometimes in abstersive gargarisms for ulcers in the 

 mouth and gums. 



QALL-OAK.'^Quercus Infectoria.) 



Descrip. — The strong Gall-Oak, so called from the fruit 

 it bears, does not grow so large or high as other oaks, 

 but shorter, and very crooked, with fair spreading 

 branches, and produces long leaves very much cut in on 

 the edges, and hoary underneath. This tree flowers and 

 bears acorns, as also a round woody substances, which are 

 called galls, and the timber is very hard. There are 

 other kinds, much shorter, bearing leaves more or less 

 cut or jagged on the edges, and producing a great quantity 

 of galls, and no acorns : some bear large galls, others 

 ■mall ; some knobbed or bunched, and others smooth : 



