164 THE BIRDS OF MONTREAL. 



smaller, and with the neck-tufts rudimentary or 

 obsolete. Young : Above, pale-brownish, marked 

 with large black spots and a broad median stripe 

 of buff ; head buffy, spotted on top with black ; 

 below, ochraceous-buff and white, spotted on edges 

 of feathers with blackish, producing a coarsely snd 

 irregularly-striped appearance. 



95. Willow Ptarmigan. 



Length about 16 inches. Winter plumage : White, 

 the tail black. Spring plumage: Male with head 

 and neck rich chestnut, rest of plumage white, 

 back interspersed with feathers of brown or rusty, 

 barred with dusky. Summer plumage : Male with 

 head, neck and lower parts deep cinnamon-rufous, 

 barred with black, rest of upper parts barred with 

 tawny-brown and black. Female: Above, barred 

 and spotted with black and ochraceous or buffy, 

 wings partly white ; lower parts, ochraceous to 

 buffy-whitish, barred with black. Young : Above, 

 varied with black and ochraceous-buff; below, 

 ochraceous-buff and dull-white, barred with black. 



96. Passenger Pigeon. 



Length about 17 inches. Tail about 8J inches 

 long. Adult male: Above, plumbeous and gray- 

 ish-brown or drab ; nape and sides of neck glossed 

 with changeable metallic reddish-purple ; below, 

 deep vinaceous-rufous, soft pinkish-vinaceous and 



