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THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST. 



" When trees or shrubs are trans- 

 planted in autumn, the earth becomes 

 consolidated at their roots, so that the 

 radical fibres soon take firm footing in 

 the earth, and the plant is prepared to 

 vegetate with the earliest advance of 

 spring. 



" In transplanting trees and shrubs 

 of every description, it is desirable that 

 as much earth as possible be removed 

 with the roots. If this is done, there 

 will be less danger of their suffering by 

 the change of situation. The excava- 

 tion of the earth for the reception of 

 the roots of trees and shrubs should 

 bear some proportion to their size. 

 They may generally be made from four 

 to six feet in diameter, and of about 18 

 or 20 inches in depth. Large trees will 

 require a larger opening than this, and 

 small ones not so large. The subsoil 

 where they are to be located may be 

 thrown out and replaced at bottom with 

 a fine mould, intermixed with a portion 

 of good manure. Trees transplanted 

 should stand two or three inches deeper 

 in the earth than they stood previous 

 to their removal. In no case should 

 the extra depth exceed this. The radi- 

 cal fibres are to be spread horizontally 

 in their natural position, and the soil 

 intimately blenled with them and com- 

 pactly pressed about the trunk and over 

 the roots. No manure should be per- 

 mitted to come in immediate contact 

 with the roots, though it should be 

 plentifully p'aced about them on all 

 sides. Should it touch them, they will 

 bg likely to sustain injury and rot. 



" Though moist, dull weather is gen- 

 erally best for transplanting, it should 

 not be done when the ground is very 

 wet. The earth should be only moder- 

 ately moist, otherwise it will be clammy 

 and heavy. The operation of tians- 

 planting is most successfully performed 

 in cloudy days, and a little before even- 

 ing, previous t ) a shower. The reasons 

 for this are obvious. If it be done when 



the earth is dry and in the middle of 

 the day, plants require watering and 

 shading for a considerable time after- 

 wards. The tops of trees and shrubs 

 transplanted must be lessened in pro- 

 portion to the loss the roots may have 

 sustained. Othei'wise the plant will 

 perish from the loss of its nourishment. 

 The ordinary quantity of root being 

 diminished, the exhaustion from evapor- 

 ation will be greater than the absorp- 

 tion of the remaining portion of root, so 

 that the plant will die by transpiration. 

 If the above old rules are followed, the 

 trees and shrubs transplanted will al- 

 most invai'iably live." 



THE TULIP TREE. 



A writer in Index, Vineland, New 

 Jei'sey, says, " I can testify of the 

 beauty and stately character of the old 

 tulip trees I have seen in various parts 

 of the country ; but in our region, the 

 native trees being all on low and damp 

 ground, we feared they would not do 

 well on our poor, dry, gravelly and 

 sandy barrens. They have been pretty 

 liberally tried on all kinds of soil for 

 street trees. The result is they out- 

 grow all other kinds beside them, are 

 bright and clean in foliage, symmetrical 

 in form and stately in appearance. No 

 other kind so quickly makes a satisfac- 

 tory shade tree for the street or park. 

 I have not yet seen, among the many 

 hundreds here, an ' ill shaped ' one or a 

 ' broken branch.' " 



Thomas Meehan says of it, '•' When 

 unsurrounded by any other tree it 

 branches out close to the ground, and 

 presents a fine conical appearance till 

 it gets old, when it becomes somewhat 

 irregular and rough. Few trees are 

 better fitted to foi'm a single object on 

 a lawn or in a park ; the very pecu- 

 liarity of its foliage and appearance 

 sugwestinw the exclusiveness in which 

 it would stand in order to show off its 



