40 The Canadian Horticulturist. 



SUCCESSFUL CHERRY CULTURE. 



Soil for Cherries. 

 T is generally accepted that the cherry tree requires a 

 porous, well under-drained soil. As my farm is nearly 

 all a slaty gravel, and the surface hilly, I have cherry 

 trees growing on nearly all parts of it. I incline to the 

 opinion that the Morellos and Dukes, or sour cherries, 

 require somewhat different soil and treatment from those 

 suitable for the Hearts and Bigarreaus. For an experiment, I set a few of each 

 on low, heavy ground, where water could be found three feet from the surface. 

 The sweet cherry trees are healthy and vigorous, and bear heavily, but the fruit 

 is inclined to rot more than on higher ground. The sour kinds soon died out. 

 About Culture. — The sour cherry trees should receive continuous clean 

 culture. They then mature heavy crops, even when young. My sweet cherry 

 trees I have set along fences and at the ends of the rows in my vineyard. For 

 the first four or five years, the earth is kept mellow around them, and they are 

 mulched with strawy manure each spring. Until they have attained a diameter 

 of six or eight inches, the trunk of each near the ground is wrapped with tar- 

 paper every fall to protect it from mice. A few days' neglect of this after the 

 first snowfall caused the loss of several trees. After four or five years, the sod is 

 allowed to form around them ; but the fall wrapping is continued till the bark 

 becomes thick and rough. When forced by high culture, the sweet cherries are 

 prone to crack the bark and prematurely decay. 



Shall we Manure ? — So long as the sweet cherry trees appear thrifty, I 

 apply no manure. If the tree seems to fail for want of nourishment, stable 

 manure, wood ashes, or potash salts are applied. The sour cherry trees are 

 treated precisely like peach trees, with light dressings of stable manure and 

 kainit or muriate of potash every year. 



Pruning to Shape.— The shape of the sweet cherry should be left almost 

 entirely to nature. Necessary pruning should be done while the tree is young, 

 during the first two or three years after setting. Unless made necessary by 

 injury, no large limbs should be cut, as doing so is apt to produce a rotten spot. 

 Most varieties of the Morello class require annual thinning as much as peach 

 trees. 



What Varieties ? — I know of no locality where any variety of sweet 

 cherry can be relied on as a sure cropper. Perhaps Downer's Late Red comes 

 the nearest to it, as it seldom rots on the tree, and is of good quality. White 

 Ox-Heart or Yellow Spanish, Napoleon Bigarreau, Black Tartarian, and Elkhorn 

 or Tradescant's Black Heart are good market varieties. The Windsor is highly 

 commended, and I have a good many trees of that variety set. but they have 



