86 The Canadian Horticulturist. 



The success in treating quince fruit spot, a most injurious fungus, is shown 

 in Fig 516, when the number of applications of Bordeaux mixture is shown. 

 The white or blank portion of the bars represents the percentage of fruit free 

 from spot ; the portion marked with lines slanting to the left, that lightly spotted. 



Bord 



treatments. 1:1000. I 1 



TIM 



Fig. 516. 



or second quatity : and the black portion, that badly spotted. Each 1 32 of an 

 inch represents one per cent of fruit. Surely such careful experiments and such 

 uniform results as these should at once settle the whole question of spraying our 

 orchards and vineyards with copper mixtures, and lead everyone who is engaged 

 in fruit growing as a business to use them freely. 



For a small quantity of Bordeaux mixture, the following formula is given : 



Copper sulphate ounces . . 4 



Lime (unslacked) n . . 4 



Water gallons . 7 A 



As to the time of application, it would appear that the Bordeaux mixture 

 is useless before the foliage appears, but should be applied as soon as possible 

 thereafter. It is also shown from this report that one treatment with a simple 

 solution of sulphate of copper (i lb. to 25 gals, of water) in early spring, say 

 March or April, reduces the amount of scab quite noticeably. 



In one instance copper carbonate in suspension was more effective than 

 the ammoniacal solution, but this can hardly be accepted as true in all cases 

 as vet. If it were true that the two powders, Paris green and copper carbonate, 

 would serve every purpose applied in conjunction, a great amount of labor and 

 expense would be saved. Professor Taft, the experimenter, found that the 

 Bordeaux mixture was more effective than either form of copper carbonate, 

 but whether enough difference results to make up for the increased expense 

 may be an open question. 



Wolf River Apple. — Inquiry is made of this large and showy apple for 

 its value for general planting and for its hardiness. It is believed to have 

 originated from seed of the Alexander, well known as a very large Russian fruit 

 which is hardly up to second quality. Dr. Hoskins of Northern Vermont, who 

 has given much attention to hardy apples, says it is not nearly as hardy as the 

 Alexander, as a severe winter killed every Wolf River tree to the snow line. In 

 other localities in Vermont it has not been injured. It may become a good 

 market fruit, handsome in appearance, and valued in localities where a refined 

 flavor is not wanted. 



