i 2o The Canadian Horticulturist. 



may be set for the first season 9 or 10 inches apart; as they increase in age and 

 size they will require more space. Hybrid Perpetuals, during the first year, will 

 do nicely at 1 2 inches apart, taking out and replacing elsewhere every alternate 

 plant the second or third season. The strong two-year-old budded Hybrid 

 Perpetual roses that we supply will require at least 2 feet apart each way. 

 Hamilton. Out. Webster Bros. 



FRUIT FERTILIZERS. 



CONOMICAL manuring implies the applying of elements 

 needed for plant growth that are deficient in the soil. 

 Ordinarily in average soil all that will be necessary to furnish 

 is nitrogen, potash and phosphoric acid. It is often the 

 <ase that there will be plenty of one or two of these, while 

 in others all may be needed in order to secure the best 

 ™ results. Generally, in applying stable manure, we supplvall 

 of the elements needed. The objection to using much stable manure in the 

 orchard is the tendency to produce too strong a growth of wood. This is rather 

 more the case with a young orchard than after it has once become well estab- 

 lished. For this reason, says Western Plowman, it is often the case that in 

 what may be considered a fairly rich soil, strong stock manure often proves 

 almost as detrimental as beneficial, and especially so when it contains a consid- 

 erable per cent, of nitrogen. Phosphoric acid and potash are generally more 

 needed than nitrogen. It is, therefore, largely for this reason that wood ashes 

 and ground lime, or bone meal, can be applied to many varieties of fruits to a 

 better advantage than fresh stable manures. If there is any difference to be 

 made in applying the different kinds of fertilizers to different varieties of fruits, 

 apply ground lime to the peach, cherry, and pear trees, and the wood ashes to 

 the apple, as phosphoric acid is most needed by the first-named, and potash by 

 the latter, but either will be beneficial to a more or less extent by the application 

 of the other. Grapes, and in fact, all varieties of small fruits, are benefited by 

 an application of bone meal. In all cases it is necessary to apply this fertilizer 

 in a form that can be readily worked into the soil. One of the advantages in 

 using either ashes, or bone meal, is that they are more readily soluble, and, in 

 consequence, are sooner available than the average stable manure. So far as is 

 possible, the wood ashes should be applied to fruits, both vine and tree, and if 

 the soil is not naturally rich, stable manure may be used. But when there is a 

 free supply of nitrogen in the soil, the most economical plan of supplying the 

 other two ingredients, or essentials, is by using bone meal and wood ashes, using 

 stable manure with other crops. 



