124 



The Canadian Horticulturist. 



SUGGESTIONS REGARDING SPRAYING. 



HOW TO SPRAY. 



ie treatment is entirely preventive, in order to 

 nake spraying effective it must be commenced 

 early. All parts of trees or plants must be 

 reached with the preventive agent. 1 bench- 

 ing is not necessary, and is expensive. A 

 film or coating of the fungicide deposited 

 upon the foliage will prevent the develop- 

 ment of the spores as well as a complete 

 soaking ; but it is important that all the leafy 

 surface should be wetted at least on the 

 upper side. For orchard work a good force 

 pump, which may be fitted into a barrel — side or end — 

 will give satisfaction. It must be of sufficient strength, 

 and fitted with a nozzle which will project the spray in 

 a fine state of division, yet with sufficient force to enter 

 the deeper recesses of the foliage. More expensive pumps drawn and operated 

 by horse power may be purchased, but are seldom necessary except for large 

 orchards. The Vermorel nozzle is a very satisfactory instrument for distributing 

 the liquid. 



CO-OPERATIVE SPRAYING. 



Some factors which act as deterrents to the progress of spraying may be 

 enumerated as follows : This work, like the introduction of spraying for the 

 prevention of insect enemies, on account of involving new lines of thought and 

 action, is sometimes regarded by the farmer as impracticable on a large scale. 

 It must be done at certain periods of the year — otherwise it is ineffectual. It 

 involves the purchase of implements and material which are sometimes difficult 

 to obtain just when required. The success of the work depends also on intelli- 

 gent adaptation of the treatment to the climatic conditions existing during the 

 sj »raying period. 



To obviate some of these difficulties I would suggest the adoption of a 

 co-operative plan of spraying. 



First, where orchards are not large, a few farmers might combine and 

 purchase a spraying outfit, which would serve the community, and if it were 

 possible to have it continuously operated by the same individual, whom practice 

 would lend superior facility in using it, an additional advantage would be gained. • 

 Another arrangement could be made as follows : 



A complete spraying outfit, including chemicals, might be purchased by a 



