The Canadian Horticulturist. 205 



gradual acclimation of the seedlings of West European stock to American condi- 

 tions." Although Scott's Winter may not quite meet the views of exporters as 

 to size, yet I would not hesitate to plant out one thousand trees of that variety, 

 and expect to make money, too. 



2nd. A second apple is the " Canada Red." It is only within the last 

 three weeks or so that we have found out that Canada Red is, undoubtedly, a 

 very hardy tree. For upwards of thirty-three years, to my certain knowledge, 

 this variety has been cultivated at Hudson on the Ottawa, forty miles west of 

 Montreal, and within two miles of my own orchard at Como. Canada Red is 

 not a new variety, in fact, it is an old variety, which is at the present day largely 

 cultivated in Ontario and New York State. Yet, strange to say, no one ever 

 supposed Canada Red capable of withstanding the rigorous winter climate of the 

 Province of Quebec. The trees are over thirty-three years old, and out of an 

 orchard of 1,200 trees, of mixed varieties, planted so long ago, Canada Red is 

 the most healthy, hardy and productive of all, surpassing Fameuse and St. 

 Lawrence. "They are the survivals of the fittest," therefore, I think Canada 

 Red may safely be recommended for planting in more favorable sections of the 

 province with success. 



3rd. The " English Golden Russet," at least, so-called by the late Chas. 

 Gibb (but to distinguish it from the American Golden Russet, I have catalogued 

 it for my nursery as the "Fisk Russet") is a very hardy tree. Mr. John Fisk, of 

 Abbotsford, from whom I obtained my trees at first, says it is the only late winter 

 apple that they can safely grow at Abbotsford. The fruit is a favorite with 

 exporters for shipping in mid-winter, and is worthy, therefore, of cultivation for 

 that purpose. 



4th. "North-West Greening," from Wisconsin, an ironclad, which we 

 might grow to compete with Rhode Island Greening, is worthy of mention. 



Reports 1892, from Wisconsin, regarding North- West Greening, has been 

 thoroughly tested and proved equal to the " Wealthy " in every respect as a tree, 

 while in quality of fruit and keeping it is superior to that variety. The fruit is 

 medium to large, greenish-yellow, often fine blush ; flesh, fine grained, firm, 

 juicy, sub-acid, good; season, January to June. This variety has had twenty-five 

 years' trial in Wisconsin. 



Here we have, then, three or four varieties, hard winter apples of known 

 hardiness of tree, that may be grown on a large scale (until something better is 

 discovered) for this export business. Three or four varieties are enough. There 

 is no advantage in growing too many varieties ; on the contrary, it is a great 

 disadvantage. From the exporter's point of view, he would much prefer to buy 

 2,000 barrels of two varieties, than the same number composed of eight or ten 

 varieties. With a large number of barrels of one or two varieties only, your sales 

 will be made quicker and more profitably. Therefore, the conclusion I arrive 

 at is this : If your orchard is well situated, near the city market, possibly the 



