214 The Canadian Horticulturist. 



two or three inches at least, and a few branches at the top. Before planting, all 

 the buds on the part of the stem to be under ground should be cut out to 

 prevent them from producing suckers. Among the branches, three of those 

 most favorably situated are selected for the formation of the head, and the others 

 are cut out entirely. The reserved branches are then cut back to two or three- 

 buds ; from these one shoot is taken on each branch and the others are pinched 

 to favor this. By this method we shall have three stout shoots in the fall ; if the 

 plant had been well rooted instead of being newly transplanted, we might have 

 taken two shoots instead of one from each shortened branch. These three 

 branches are cut back at the next pruning to three or four buds, and from each 

 two new shoots are taken, giving at the end of that season six stout shoots 

 situated at equal distances. At the next, or third, pruning, these branches are 

 cut back about one-half in order to produce lateral branches and fruit spurs. 

 At the fourth pruning, the leading shoot is shortened one third or one-half; any 

 lateral branches not required to fill up spaces, or such as are improperly placed, 

 are cut back to three or four buds, so as to convert them into fruit branches. 



In this way the pruning is conducted from year to year. When the plants 

 become feeble from overbearing, the fruit branches may be headed down and 

 replaced by vigorous shoots. The better way, however, to provide for the 

 difficulty is to raise young plants from layers, to be at once substituted for those 

 that fall victims to mildew. 



From statistics gathered by the American Cranberry Grower's Association 

 it is learned that in 1883 Wisconsin produced 135,507 bushels ; in 1884, 24,873 ; 

 in 18S5, 264,432 bushels ; and in 1886, 70,686 bushels of fruit. By these figures 

 it will be seen that the yield is very irregular. This is owing, principally, to the 

 fact that many of the marshes are not yet provided with the means of flooding, 

 an d,'of course, suffer from worms, drouths, late spring or 'early autumn frosts, and 

 extensive fires started by sparks from the engines on railroads running through 

 the marshes. These and other evils are averted on the more improved farms. 

 So that while handsome fortunes have in many cases been made in cranberry 

 growing, many thousands of dollars, have on the other hand, been sunk in the 

 same industry. Only the wealthier owners, who have expended vast sums of 

 money in improving and equipping their property, can calculate with any degree 

 of certainty on a. paying crop of fruit every year. — American Magazine. 



Spraying with fungicides in the season of 1892 prevented much of the early 

 dropping of apples, which is usually attributed to wet weather. 



For apples, two applications of Bordeaux mixture before blooming are 

 advised, and two of the same mixture after blooming, with Paris green added. 



Early spraying is the key to success in the use of fungicides. 



