126 CATTLE. 



Sir James Pennyman came to the title and estate of his family in 

 the year 1770, by'succeeding his uncle, Sir Wartron. He found a 

 herd of short-horns on his estate when he came to possession, and 

 they had been there very many years, and came originally from the 

 Aislabies. Their excellence in the lifetime of his uncle Sir WiUiam, 

 fourth baronet, was extraordinary. A memorandum book in posses- 

 sion of the family in 1848, shows that, in 1767, a cow six years old, 

 eating nothing hut grass, and giving milk, was killed, and her dead 

 weio-ht was 100 stones and upwards — more than 1400 lbs. ; and an- 

 other of the same age, and treated in a hke manner, was estimated 

 to weigh 10 stones (140 lbs.) more, 1540 lbs. dead weight. 



Sir James Pennyman commenced breeding in 1770, and in 1773 

 got his first cattle of Sir Wm. St. Quintin. Now George Snowdon 

 left Cleveland in the spring of 1774, and took with him six cows. 

 As these were cows in 1774, and of course calved before 1773, they 

 could not be descended from the St. Quintin blood in possession of 

 Sir James Pennyman. Robson Hved at Dinsdale, two miles from 

 Hurworth. The dam of Snowdon's bull (the sire of Hubback) was 

 bred to Robson's bull the very year Snowdon came to Hurworth. 

 Snowdon's bull was calved in 1775, and in 1776 got Hubback, who 

 was calved in 1777. 



Thus it is evident that if Snowdon's cows had the Pennyman blood, 

 it was of a period prior to the infusion of the St. Quintin blood. But 

 ** in what degree, or how related'' to Sir James Pennyman's blood, 

 Snowdon " knew no more than the man-in-the-moon." 



Hubback, it is well known, was sold by Mr. Colling to Mr. Hub- 

 back, of Northumberland, in 1785. Mr. Hubback used him up tc 

 1791, when he was fourteen years old, and the bull was vigorous to 

 the last. Mr. Bates saw him and calves got by him in 1791, — 

 the calves got in 1790. 



Hubback was therefore a pure short-horn, and did not become im- 

 potent. 



6. The Galloway cross was made by chance ; and the alloy stock 

 had no value, except as conferred by the short-horn blood in them, 

 and in spite of the Galloway strain. 



In the first volume of Coates' Herd Book, page 102, is the follow- 

 inir: — " O'Callaghan's Son of Bohngbroke, red and white, bred by 

 Colonel O'Callaghan, of Heighington, got by Bolingbroke, dam a red 

 polled Galloway Scotch cow. This cow and another of the same 

 breed, were purchased of Mr. David Smurthwaite, near Northaller- 

 ton, by Mr. George Coates, who sold them to Col. O'Callaghan. 

 O'Callaghan's Son of Bolingbroke, when a few days old, became the 

 property of Mr. C. Colling, and was the sire of Grandson of Boling- 

 broke." 



Col. O'Callaghan lived near Ketton, and Avhen he got these two 

 Galloways in 1791^ he arranged with Mr. Colling to bull them, and 



